Rig Veda 7.104.9: Mandala 7, Sukta 104, Mantra 9

Sukta 7.104

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional)

Devata: Soma (primary), with implied cosmic powers (Ahi, Nirṛti)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

ये पाकशंसं विहरन्त एवैर्ये वा भद्रं दूषयन्ति स्वधाभिः । अहये वा तान्प्रददातु सोम आ वा दधातु निॠतेरुपस्थे ॥

Transliteration

yé pākaśaṃsáṃ viháranta évair yé vā bhadráṃ dū́ṣayanti svadhā́bhiḥ | áhaye vā tā́n pradádātu sóma ā́ vā dadhātu nírṛter upásthe ||

Translation

Ceux qui se jouent d’une parole mauvaise et mesquine, et ceux qui, par leur svadhā arbitraire, souillent le Bien — que Soma les livre à la puissance du Serpent; ou qu’il les dépose sur le giron de Nirṛti, demeure de la dissolution.

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Word by Word

• ये: who (those who)
• ये: कर्तृ
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• पाकशंसम्: the vile/false praise (slanderous speech)
• पाकशंसम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाक-शंस (prātipadika; पाक ‘cooked/mean’ + शंस ‘praise/report’)

• विहरन्ते: they go about / roam / sport
• विहरन्ते: कर्तृ
• Type: Verb
• Root: √हृ (हरति) with vi-

• एवैः: with just such means / in such ways
• एवैः: करण
• Type: Indeclinable/Particle (Vedic instrumental plural usage)
• Root: एव (indecl. particle) + -इः (instr. pl. usage in Vedic: ‘in such ways/with such means’)

• ये: who
• ये: कर्तृ
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• वा: or
• वा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (particle)

• भद्रम्: the good (thing); благ/auspicious (good)
• भद्रम्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: भद्र (prātipadika)

• दूषयन्ति: they defile / corrupt
• दूषयन्ति: कर्तृ
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दूष् (दूषयति, causative)

• स्वधाभिः: with svadhā-powers / by their own (inherent) might
• स्वधाभिः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वधा (prātipadika)

• अहये: to the serpent (Ahi)
• अहये: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहि (prātipadika)

• वा: or
• वा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (particle)

• तान्: them
• तान्: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• प्रददातु: let (him) hand over / deliver
• प्रददातु: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दा (ददाति) with pra-

• सोमः: Soma
• सोमः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम (prātipadika)

• आ: towards; into
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable (upasarga)
• Root: आ (preverb)

• वा: or
• वा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (particle)

• दधातु: let (him) place / put
• दधातु: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √धा (दधाति)

• निॠतेः: of Nirṛti (goddess of destruction/misfortune)
• निॠतेः: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: निऋति (prātipadika)

• उपस्थे: in the lap / in the bosom
• उपस्थे: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपस्थ (prātipadika)