Rig Veda 3.7.1: Mandala 3, Sukta 7, Mantra 1

Sukta 3.7

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (traditional for RV 3.7)

Devata: Agni (implicit), with cosmological dyads (two Mothers/two Fathers) and the seven voices

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; confirm in critical edition)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

प्र य आरुः शितिपृष्ठस्य धासेरा मातरा विविशुः सप्त वाणीः । परिक्षिता पितरा सं चरेते प्र सर्स्राते दीर्घमायुः प्रयक्षे ॥

Transliteration

prá yá ā́ruḥ śitipṛṣṭhásya dhāsér ā́ mā́tarā viviśuḥ saptá vā́ṇīḥ | parikṣitā́ pitarā́ sáṃ caretē prá sarsrātē dīrghám ā́yuḥ práyakṣe ||

Translation

En avant ils s’élèvent — les sept puissances de la Parole — entrant dans les deux Mères du Lumineux-au-dos-éclatant. Les deux Pères, enveloppants, cheminent ensemble ; ils étendent la longue vie dans le sacrifice (yajña) de l’âme, porté vers l’avant.

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Word by Word

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (upasarga)

• ये: who (those who)
• ये: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• आरुः: have mounted, have ascended
• आरुः: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ऋ (ऋ गतौ) / √अर् (गतौ) → आ-√ऋ

• शितिपृष्ठस्य: of the speckle-backed (one)
• शितिपृष्ठस्य: Adhikaraṇa (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: शितिपृष्ठ (prātipadika)

• धासेः: of Dhāser (name/epithet)
• धासेः: Adhikaraṇa (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धासेर (prātipadika; Vedic proper/epithet)

• आ: to, unto
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (upasarga)

• मातरौ: the two mothers
• मातरौ: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मातृ (prātipadika)

• विविशुः: have entered
• विविशुः: Kriyā (with कर्म = मातरौ)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-√विश् (विश् प्रवेशने)

• सप्त: seven
• सप्त: —
• Type: Numeral
• Root: सप्त (numeral)

• वाणीः: voices, utterances
• वाणीः: Kartā (appositional/coordinate subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाणी (prātipadika)

• परिक्षिताः: encircling, encompassing
• परिक्षिताः: Kartā (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective (PPP)
• Root: परि-√क्षि (क्षि निवासे/क्षये) → परिक्षित (PPP as adj.)

• पितरौ: the two fathers
• पितरौ: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (prātipadika)

• सम्: together, completely
• सम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम् (upasarga)

• चरेते: move about, go together
• चरेते: Kriyā (kartā = पितरौ)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √चर् (चर गतौ) with सम्-

• प्र: forth
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (upasarga)

• सर्स्राते: flow forth, stream out
• सर्स्राते: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √सृ (सृ गतौ) with intensive/reduplicated stem (Vedic) + प्र-

• दीर्घम्: long
• दीर्घम्: Karma (object/extent)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दीर्घ (prātipadika)

• आयुः: life, lifespan
• आयुः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: आयुस् (prātipadika)

• प्रयक्षे: may I worship/sacrifice forth; I would perform the offering
• प्रयक्षे: Kriyā (speaker’s act)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-√यज् (यज् देवपूजासंगतिकरणदानेषु) → प्रयक्ष (Vedic)