Rig Veda 1.191.2 — Mandala 1, Sukta 191, Mantra 2

Sukta 1.191

Devata: Protective/healing force personified as a feminine striker (functional devatā of the charm)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अदृष्टान्हन्त्यायत्यथो हन्ति परायती । अथो अवघ्नती हन्त्यथो पिनष्टि पिंषती ॥

Transliteration

adṛ́ṣṭān hánty āyátī átho hánti parāyátī | átho ava-ghnatī hánty átho pinaṣṭi piṃṣatī́ ||

Translation

Les invisibles, elle les frappe en venant, et elle les frappe en s’en allant; elle frappe en abattant, et elle broie en écrasant — ainsi le mal est brisé dans chacun de ses mouvements.

Word by Word

• अदृष्टान्: the unseen (ones)
• अदृष्टान्: कर्म (object of हन्ति)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: अदृष्ट (a-dṛṣṭa) < √दृश् (dṛś) ‘to see’

• हन्ति: kills/strikes
• हन्ति: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √हन् (han) ‘to strike/kill’

• आयति: comes/approaches
• आयति: क्रिया (relative/qualifying action: ‘as/when it comes’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √या (yā) ‘to go/come’ + आ-

• अथो: and also / moreover
• अथो: सम्बन्ध/वाक्य-सम्बन्ध (discourse connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ + उ

• हन्ति: kills/strikes
• हन्ति: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √हन् (han)

• परायति: goes away/withdraws
• परायति: क्रिया (relative/qualifying action: ‘as/when it goes away’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √या (yā) ‘to go’ + परा-

• अथो: and also
• अथो: सम्बन्ध/वाक्य-सम्बन्ध
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ + उ

• अवघ्नती: the smiting one / the striker-down
• अवघ्नती: कर्तृ (subject of हन्ति)
• Type: Noun/Adjective (agent noun used as subject)
• Root: अवघ्नती (f.) < अव- + √हन् (han) ‘to strike down’

• हन्ति: kills/strikes
• हन्ति: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √हन् (han)

• अथो: and also
• अथो: सम्बन्ध/वाक्य-सम्बन्ध
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ + उ

• पिनष्टि: crushes
• पिनष्टि: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √पिष् (piṣ) ‘to crush, pound’

• पिंषती: the crusher / the crushing one
• पिंषती: कर्तृ (appositional subject: ‘the crushing one’)
• Type: Noun/Adjective (agent noun used as subject)
• Root: पिंषती (f.) < √पिष् (piṣ) ‘to crush’