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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 31

Saṃsāra-duḥkha: Karmic Descent, Garbhavāsa, Life’s Anxieties, Death, and the Call to Jñāna-Bhakti

भग्नं छिन्नं तु मे सद्म बांधवा अपि दूरगाः । न लभ्यते वर्त्तनं च राज बाधातिदुःसहा ॥ ३१ ॥

bhagnaṃ chinnaṃ tu me sadma bāṃdhavā api dūragāḥ | na labhyate varttanaṃ ca rāja bādhātiduḥsahā || 31 ||

Ma demeure est brisée et déchirée ; même mes proches sont au loin. Je ne trouve aucun moyen de subsistance, et l’oppression du roi est d’une dureté insupportable.

भग्नम्broken
भग्नम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootभञ्ज् (धातु) + क्त (प्रत्यय)
Formभूतकृदन्त (past participle/क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifies 'sadma')
छिन्नम्cut / torn
छिन्नम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootछिद् (धातु) + क्त (प्रत्यय)
Formभूतकृदन्त (past participle/क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifies 'sadma')
तुbut
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formविरोध/अनुवाद (adversative particle)
मेmy
मे:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
सद्मhouse / dwelling
सद्म:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootसद्मन्/सद्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
बान्धवाःkinsmen / relatives
बान्धवाः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootबान्धव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन
अपिalso
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; 'also/even'
दूरगाःfar away
दूरगाः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootदूर + ग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifies 'bāndhavāḥ'); उपपद-तत्पुरुषः ('gone far')
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध (negation particle)
लभ्यतेis obtained / is available
लभ्यते:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootलभ् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive sense: 'is obtained')
वर्त्तनम्livelihood / subsistence
वर्त्तनम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject of passive)
TypeNoun
Rootवर्त्तन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; here as subject of passive ('means of livelihood')
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय (conjunction)
राजO king
राज:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन
बाधाaffliction / oppression
बाधा:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootबाधा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
अतिexcessively / very
अति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Prefix/Intensifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअति (अव्यय)
Formउपसर्ग/अव्यय (intensifier)
दुःसहाunbearable
दुःसहा:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुः + सह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifies 'bādhā'); उपपद-तत्पुरुषः ('hard to endure')

Unknown (context-dependent within Adhyāya 32 dialogue)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: raudra

FAQs

It highlights the fragility of worldly supports—home, family, and income—and points to the need for dharmic refuge and inner steadiness when external structures collapse.

By portraying extreme insecurity and oppression, the verse implicitly supports śaraṇāgati (taking refuge): when worldly protection fails, devotion to Bhagavān becomes the stable shelter.

No specific Vedāṅga technique is taught in this verse; it instead frames a social-ethical issue (rāja-bādhā) relevant to rāja-dharma and practical life conditions.