Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 102

Dvādaśī-vrata: Month-by-month Viṣṇu Worship and the Year-End Udyāpana

Devanagari script

दद्याद्द्वादशविप्रेभ्यो दध्यन्नं पायसं तथा । अपूपैर्दशभिर्युक्तं सघृतं च सदक्षिणम् ॥ १०२ ॥

Transliteration

dadyāddvādaśaviprebhyo dadhyannaṃ pāyasaṃ tathā | apūpairdaśabhiryuktaṃ saghṛtaṃ ca sadakṣiṇam || 102 ||

Translation

Qu’on donne à douze brāhmaṇa du riz au caillé et aussi du pāyasa (entremets sucré au lait), accompagné de dix gâteaux, avec du ghee, et une dakṣiṇā (don honorifique) convenable.

Word by Word

• दद्यात्: should give
• दद्यात्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; Parasmaipada; ‘should give’

• द्वादश-विप्रेभ्यः: to twelve Brahmins
• द्वादश-विप्रेभ्यः: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वादश (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + विप्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (सम्प्रदान), बहुवचन; ‘to twelve Brahmins’; Dative plural

• दधि-अन्नम्: curd-rice (food with curd)
• दधि-अन्नम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दधि (प्रातिपदिक) + अन्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन; ‘curd-rice/food with curd’; Accusative singular

• पायसम्: sweet milk pudding
• पायसम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पायस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन; Accusative singular

• तथा: and also
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (adverb/conjunction)

• अपूपैः: with cakes (apūpa)
• अपूपैः: Sahakari/Karana (सहकारी/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अपूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (सह/करण), बहुवचन; Instrumental plural

• दशभिः: with ten
• दशभिः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दशन् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकसामान्य, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; numeral in instrumental plural qualifying ‘अपूपैः’

• युक्तम्: accompanied/combined
• युक्तम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युज् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; agrees with implied ‘(भोजनम्/दानम्)’

• स-घृतम्: with ghee
• स-घृतम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स (अव्यय/उपसर्गसदृश) + घृत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘with ghee’; Accusative singular (qualifying the gift/food)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• स-दक्षिणम्: together with a priestly fee (dakṣiṇā)
• स-दक्षिणम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स (अव्यय/उपसर्गसदृश) + दक्षिणा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘with dakṣiṇā (fee/gift)’; Accusative singular

Speaker

Narada (teaching in a dharma/vrata context; dialogue tradition with Sanatkumara lineage implied)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It emphasizes dāna (charitable giving) done in a complete manner—proper recipients (brāhmaṇas), pure food offerings, and dakṣiṇā—so the act becomes a dharmic sacrifice that purifies the giver and supports Vedic sacred duty.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Though framed as ritual charity, it supports bhakti by cultivating humility, service to the learned, and offering one’s resources in a sattvic way—qualities that steady the mind for devotion to Viṣṇu and sacred observances.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

It reflects kalpa-style ritual discipline: specifying number of recipients, items to be offered, and inclusion of dakṣiṇā—practical procedure aligned with dharma-śāstra conventions used in vrata and yajña-related giving.