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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 10

Janaka Instructs Śuka: Āśrama-Sequence, Guru-Dependence, and Marks of Liberation

किं कार्यं ब्राह्मणेनेह मोक्षार्थश्च किमात्मकः । कथं च मोक्षः कर्तव्यो ज्ञानेन तपसापि वा ॥ १० ॥

kiṃ kāryaṃ brāhmaṇeneha mokṣārthaśca kimātmakaḥ | kathaṃ ca mokṣaḥ kartavyo jñānena tapasāpi vā || 10 ||

Quel est, en vérité, le devoir d’un brāhmaṇa en ce monde ? Quelle est la nature authentique du but nommé mokṣa, la délivrance ? Et comment la délivrance doit-elle être accomplie : par la connaissance, ou aussi par l’austérité (tapas) ?

किम्what
किम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक सर्वनाम
कार्यम्duty/what is to be done
कार्यम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootकार्य (प्रातिपदिक; √कृ + यत्)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
ब्राह्मणेनby a Brahmin
ब्राह्मणेन:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन; करण-भाव (agent/instrumental)
इहhere/in this world
इह:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; देशवाचक क्रियाविशेषण
मोक्षार्थः(what is) for liberation
मोक्षार्थः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमोक्ष-अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formचतुर्थी-तत्पुरुष (purpose) समास; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)
किम्what
किम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक
आत्मकःof what nature/consisting of what
आत्मकः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootआत्मक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier)
कथम्how
कथम्:
Kriya-vishesana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रश्नवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (interrogative adverb)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय
मोक्षःliberation
मोक्षः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमोक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
कर्तव्यःto be done/should be accomplished
कर्तव्यः:
Vidheya (विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Rootकर्तव्य (प्रातिपदिक; √कृ + तव्यत्)
Formतव्यत्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (gerundive/obligatory), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषण
ज्ञानेनby knowledge
ज्ञानेन:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञान (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन
तपसाby austerity
तपसा:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootतपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन
अपिalso/even
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधान/समुच्चयार्थ (also/even)
वाor
वा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विकल्प (or)

Narada (questioning, in dialogue with Sanatkumara)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

B
Brahmana
M
Moksha

FAQs

This verse frames the core Moksha-Dharma inquiry: defining a brāhmaṇa’s true obligation as oriented toward liberation, and asking for clarity on mokṣa’s nature and the valid means to attain it.

Bhakti is not named directly here; the verse functions as a preliminary question that typically leads the teaching toward the most effective sādhana for mokṣa—often integrating knowledge and discipline with devotion to the Supreme (commonly expressed in the Narada Purana as Viṣṇu-bhakti).

No specific Vedāṅga (like Śikṣā, Vyākaraṇa, or Jyotiṣa) is taught in this line; instead it emphasizes soteriological method—jñāna (right understanding) and tapas (disciplined practice)—as the practical tools under discussion.