Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 64

Nirukta, Phonetic Variants, and Vedic Dhātu–Svara Taxonomy

Devanagari script

ञिइंधीतोऽनुदातेतस्रयो धातव ईरिताः । उदात्तेतः शिषपिषरुधाद्याः पंचविंशतिः ॥ ६४ ॥

Transliteration

ñiiṃdhīto'nudātetasrayo dhātava īritāḥ | udāttetaḥ śiṣapiṣarudhādyāḥ paṃcaviṃśatiḥ || 64 ||

Translation

Il est dit que trois racines verbales portent l’accent anudātta (bas) : ñi, iṃdhī et to. Celles qui portent l’accent udātta (haut) sont au nombre de vingt-cinq, à commencer par śiṣ, piṣ et rudh.

Word by Word

• ञि-इन्धीतः: from the ñi-indhīta group
• ञि-इन्धीतः: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्ध् (धातु) + इत (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
• Form: Masculine, Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular; gaṇa-marker form with anubandha 'ञि'; 'from ñi-indhīta (group)'

• अनुदातेतः: from the anudātta-it group
• अनुदातेतः: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनुदात्त-इत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular; 'from the anudātta-it (group)'

• त्रयः: three
• त्रयः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रि (प्रातिपदिक; संख्या)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural

• धातवः: roots
• धातवः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धातु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural

• ईरिताः: are declared
• ईरिताः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ईर् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त/PPP); Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; 'are declared'

• उदात्तेतः: from the udātta-it group
• उदात्तेतः: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उदात्त-इत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular; 'from the udātta-it (group)'

• शिषपिषरुधाद्याः: śiṣ, piṣ, rudh, etc.
• शिषपिषरुधाद्याः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिष + पिष + रुध् + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; dvandva list-compound with 'ādi' (etc.): 'śiṣ, piṣ, rudh, etc.'

• पञ्चविंशतिः: twenty-five
• पञ्चविंशतिः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पञ्चविंशति (प्रातिपदिक; संख्या)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; dvigu numeral 'twenty-five' used as count

Speaker

Narada (teaching in a technical Vedanga context, traditionally within the Narada–Sanatkumara dialogue frame)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

Characters & Entities

• Narada
• Sanatkumara

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It emphasizes that liberation-oriented practice (mokṣa-dharma) includes disciplined preservation of śruti through correct phonetics—since mantra efficacy and scriptural integrity depend on proper accent (svara).

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

While not directly preaching bhakti, it supports devotional practice by safeguarding accurate mantra and nāma-recitation; correct svara is presented as a foundation for pure worship and faultless chanting.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Śikṣā (phonetics) and Vyākaraṇa (grammar) are highlighted through the technical classification of dhātus by accent—distinguishing anudātta-marked roots from udātta-marked roots for precise recitation and grammatical application.