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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 15

Nirukta, Phonetic Variants, and Vedic Dhātu–Svara Taxonomy

मित्रयुश्च दुरस्वा वा हात्वा सुधितमित्यपि । दधर्त्याद्या स्ववद्भिश्च ससूवेति च धिष्व च ॥ १५ ॥

mitrayuśca durasvā vā hātvā sudhitamityapi | dadhartyādyā svavadbhiśca sasūveti ca dhiṣva ca || 15 ||

Il faut aussi comprendre des formes telles que « mitrayuḥ », « durasvā », « hātvā » et « sudhitam » ; de même, il convient de connaître l’usage correct d’expressions comme « dadharti », « ādyā », « svavadbhiḥ », « sasūve » et « dhiṣva ».

मित्रयुःMitryu/Mitrayu (a name)
मित्रयुः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootमित्रयु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
दुरस्वाDurasvā (a name)
दुरस्वा:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootदुरस्वा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा (Nom), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)
वाor
वा:
Nipata (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formविकल्पार्थक अव्यय (disjunctive particle: or)
हात्वाhaving abandoned
हात्वा:
Purvakala (पूर्वकाल)
TypeVerb
Rootहा (धातु) + त्वा (क्त्वा)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund/Absolutive), ‘having abandoned/left’
सुधितम्well-placed; well-held; well-thought
सुधितम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeAdjective
Rootसु + धित (कृदन्त; क्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्यय (PPP), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (Acc), एकवचन (Singular)
इतिthus
इति:
Nipata (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरणसूचक अव्यय (quotative)
अपिalso; even
अपि:
Nipata (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअप्यर्थक निपात (also/even)
दधर्ति(he) holds; supports
दधर्ति:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootधृ (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद
आद्याःthe first; the earlier ones
आद्याः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootआद्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा (Nom), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग/स्त्रीलिङ्ग (context-dependent)
स्ववद्भिःwith those having their own (possessors)
स्ववद्भिः:
Sahakari (सहकारी/Association)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्ववत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया (Instr), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
ससूवे(she) has borne; gave birth
ससूवे:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootसू (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), आत्मनेपद
इतिthus
इति:
Nipata (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरणसूचक अव्यय (quotative)
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
धिष्वplace; put (for yourself)
धिष्व:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootधा (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन (Singular), आत्मनेपद
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

Sanatkumara (in instruction to Narada on disciplined knowledge and correct usage of sacred speech)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

FAQs

The verse highlights that liberation-oriented discipline (mokṣa-dharma) includes mastery of correct sacred speech—knowing precise word-forms and usage—because Vedic knowledge is transmitted and safeguarded through accurate language.

Bhakti practice relies on truthful, accurate recitation of names, hymns, and mantras; by emphasizing correct forms, the verse supports devotion that is steady and scripturally grounded rather than careless or distorted.

Vyākaraṇa (Vedic grammar) is foregrounded: the verse lists sample word-forms to indicate training in correct derivation, conjugation, and usage—skills essential for preserving mantra integrity and Vedic study.