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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 120

Jīva–Ātman Inquiry; Kṣetrajña Doctrine; Karma-based Varṇa; Four Āśramas and Sannyāsa Discipline

वानप्रस्थाः खल्वपि धर्ममनुसरंतः पुण्यानि तीर्थानि नदीप्रस्रवणानि स्वभक्तेष्वरण्येषु । मृगवराहमहिष शार्दूलवनगजाकीर्णेषु तपस्यंते अनुसंचरंति ॥ १२० ॥

vānaprasthāḥ khalvapi dharmamanusaraṃtaḥ puṇyāni tīrthāni nadīprasravaṇāni svabhakteṣvaraṇyeṣu | mṛgavarāhamahiṣa śārdūlavanagajākīrṇeṣu tapasyaṃte anusaṃcaraṃti || 120 ||

Même ceux qui sont entrés dans l’état de vānaprastha, fidèles au dharma, vont de tirtha sacrés en sources saintes des rivières, demeurant dans des forêts chères à leur bhakti choisie ; dans les solitudes peuplées de cerfs, sangliers, buffles, tigres et éléphants sauvages, ils pratiquent la tapasya et poursuivent leur marche réglée.

वानप्रस्थाःforest-dwellers (vānaprasthas)
वानप्रस्थाः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootवानप्रस्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)
खलुindeed
खलु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootखलु (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), emphatic/indeed
अपिalso/even
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), also/even
धर्मम्dharma, righteous duty
धर्मम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)
अनुसरन्तःfollowing
अनुसरन्तः:
Karta (कर्ता/agent, participial)
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-√सृ (धातु) + शतृ (कृदन्त)
Formवर्तमानकालिक कृदन्त (Present active participle, शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; परस्मैपदी
पुण्यानिholy, meritorious
पुण्यानि:
Karma (कर्म/Object-qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootपुण्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifying)
तीर्थानिpilgrimage places, fords
तीर्थानि:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootतीर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
नदी-प्रस्रवणानिriver-springs/river-outflows
नदी-प्रस्रवणानि:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootनदी (प्रातिपदिक) + प्रस्रवण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive determinative): ‘नद्याः प्रस्रवणानि’
स्व-भक्तेषुamong their own devotees
स्व-भक्तेषु:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootस्व (प्रातिपदिक) + भक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘स्वस्य भक्तेषु’ (among their own devotees)
अरण्येषुin forests
अरण्येषु:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootअरण्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative), बहुवचन
मृग-वराह-महिष-शार्दूल-वन-गज-आकीर्णेषुin places filled with deer, boars, buffaloes, tigers, wild elephants
मृग-वराह-महिष-शार्दूल-वन-गज-आकीर्णेषु:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeAdjective
Rootमृग (प्रातिपदिक)+वराह (प्रातिपदिक)+महिष (प्रातिपदिक)+शार्दूल (प्रातिपदिक)+वन (प्रातिपदिक)+गज (प्रातिपदिक)+आकीर्ण (√कॄ/किर्?; here ‘आ-√कॄ’ not; actually आकीर्ण = √कॄ/किर् ‘to scatter’ as past participle; प्रातिपदिक)
Formबहुवचन, सप्तमी (Locative); ‘आकीर्ण’ (filled with) as head; समाहार/समुच्चय-तत्पुरुष (determinative listing): ‘मृगादिभिः ... गजैः आकीर्णेषु’
तपस्यन्तेthey practice austerity
तपस्यन्ते:
Kriya (क्रिया/Action)
TypeVerb
Root√तपस् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद
अनुसंचरन्तिthey roam about
अनुसंचरन्ति:
Kriya (क्रिया/Action)
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-√संचर्/√चर् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada in Moksha-dharma context)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

FAQs

It frames the vānaprastha life as a dharma-based transition toward inner purification: pilgrimage to tīrthas, residence in sacred forests, and steady tapas despite hardship are presented as means to refine detachment and spiritual focus.

By noting “forests dear to one’s devotion,” it implies that disciplined living and pilgrimage are not merely physical austerities—they are oriented toward one’s iṣṭa (chosen devotional focus), making tapas supportive of bhakti and remembrance.

No specific Vedāṅga (like Vyākaraṇa or Jyotiṣa) is taught here; the practical takeaway is āśrama-dharma application—how vānaprasthas regulate movement (anusaṃcara), choose tīrthas, and sustain tapas as a lived discipline.