Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 51

The exposition of the Pañcamī vow to be observed in the twelve months

Devanagari script

पक्वान्नं फलसंयुक्तं सघृतं दक्षिणान्वितम् । द्विजवर्याय दातव्यं व्रतसंपूर्तिहेतवे ॥ ५१ ॥

Transliteration

pakvānnaṃ phalasaṃyuktaṃ saghṛtaṃ dakṣiṇānvitam | dvijavaryāya dātavyaṃ vratasaṃpūrtihetave || 51 ||

Translation

De la nourriture cuite, accompagnée de fruits, avec du ghee (ghṛta) et assortie de la dakṣiṇā, doit être donnée à un brāhmaṇa éminent afin d’achever le vœu (vrata).

Word by Word

• pakva-annam: cooked food
• pakva-annam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pakva (पक्व प्रातिपदिक) + anna (अन्न प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka, Accusative (2nd), Singular; karmadhāraya ‘cooked food’

• phala-saṃyuktam: accompanied with fruits
• phala-saṃyuktam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: phala (फल) + saṃyukta (संयुक्त)
• Form: Napumsaka, Accusative (2nd), Singular; tatpuruṣa ‘combined with fruits’ qualifying ‘pakvānnam’

• sa-ghṛtam: with ghee
• sa-ghṛtam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa (सह/स अव्यय-पूर्वपद) + ghṛta (घृत प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka, Accusative (2nd), Singular; ‘with ghee’ qualifying the offering

• dakṣiṇā-anvitam: together with a gift (dakṣiṇā)
• dakṣiṇā-anvitam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dakṣiṇā (दक्षिणा) + anvita (अन्वित)
• Form: Napumsaka, Accusative (2nd), Singular; ‘endowed with dakṣiṇā (gift/fee)’

• dvija-varyāya: to an excellent twice-born (Brahmin)
• dvija-varyāya: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dvija (द्विज) + varya (वर्य)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular; ‘to the excellent/brāhmaṇa dvija’

• dātavyam: should be given
• dātavyam: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dā (दा धातु)
• Form: Gerundive/Obligative (तव्यत्-प्रत्यय, कृत्य), Napumsaka, Nominative/Accusative Singular; impersonal obligation ‘is to be given’

• vrata-saṃpūrti-hetave: for the completion of the vow
• vrata-saṃpūrti-hetave: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vrata (व्रत) + saṃpūrti (संपूर्ति) + hetu (हेतु)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dative (4th), Singular; purpose dative ‘for the sake of completion of the vow’

Speaker

Narada (in instruction/dialogue context with the Sanatkumara tradition)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: Upāṅga-Lalitā Vrata (contextual continuation)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

Characters & Entities

• Dvija (Brahmana)

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It teaches that a vrata is ritually and ethically completed through dāna—offering sanctified food with dakṣiṇā to a worthy brāhmaṇa—so the merit of the vow becomes whole (saṃpūrṇa) and properly consecrated.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

By emphasizing humble offering and service (sevā) through giving, it supports bhakti in practice—devotion is not only inward worship but also outward generosity aligned with dharma.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

This reflects Kalpa (ritual procedure) principles: the prescribed components for concluding a vow—naivedya-like food, accompanying items, and dakṣiṇā—given to an eligible recipient to finalize the rite.