Shloka 64

Adhyaya 57 — The Ninefold Divisions of Bharata: Mountains, Rivers, and Peoples

Sanskrit

तत्कर्मनिगडग्रस्तैः स्वकर्मख्यापनोत्सुकः । न किञ्चित् क्रियते कर्म सुखलेशोपबृंहितैः ॥

Transliteration

tatkarmanigaḍagrastaiḥ svakarmakhyāpanotsukaḥ | na kiñcit kriyate karma sukhaleśopabṛṃhitaiḥ ||

Translation

Saisis par les entraves de leur propre karma et ne désirant que mettre en avant (ou affirmer) leurs actes, ceux qui s’enflent d’orgueil pour un simple fragment de plaisir n’accomplissent aucune action véritablement signifiante.

Word by Word

• तत्: that
• तत्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; विशेषणम् (कर्म-सम्बन्धे ‘तत्’ = that)

• कर्मनिगडग्रस्तैः: by those seized by the fetters of karma
• कर्मनिगडग्रस्तैः: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कर्म + निगड + ग्रस्त (कृदन्त; ग्रस् (धातु) + क्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त-विशेषण, पुंलिङ्ग (m.), तृतीया (Instr. 3), बहुवचन; समासः (कर्म-निगडेन ग्रस्ताः)

• स्वकर्मख्यापनोत्सुकः: eager to proclaim one’s own deeds
• स्वकर्मख्यापनोत्सुकः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्व + कर्म + ख्यापन + उत्सुक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (Nom. 1), एकवचन; समासः (स्वकर्म-ख्यापने उत्सुकः)

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय

• किञ्चित्: anything
• किञ्चित्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किञ्चित् (सर्वनाम/अव्ययवत्)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), द्वितीया (Acc. 2), एकवचन; अनिश्चित-परिमाणवाचक (indefinite pronoun)

• क्रियते: is done
• क्रियते: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि प्रयोगः (passive)

• कर्म: action/deed
• कर्म: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), प्रथमा (Nom. 1), एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोगे कर्तृस्थानी (subject in passive)

• सुखलेशोपबृंहितैः: by those inflated by a mere trace of pleasure
• सुखलेशोपबृंहितैः: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुख + लेश + उपबृंहित (कृदन्त; उप-बृंह् (धातु) + क्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त-विशेषण, पुंलिङ्ग (m.), तृतीया (Instr. 3), बहुवचन; समासः (सुख-लेशेन उपबृंहितैः = slightly augmented by pleasure)

Speakers

• Frame dialogue context; speaker not explicit in given excerpt

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Karma
• Bondage
• Ego
• Ethics
• Spiritual discipline

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Pleasure and self-advertisement can become subtle bondage: when one seeks recognition rather than righteousness, one stagnates and fails to generate liberating or elevating karma.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ethical-karmic instruction embedded in cosmological teaching: it explains how karma binds and why the karmabhūmi must be used with inner discipline.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Shackles of karma’ points to saṃskāra-driven compulsion; ‘inflated by a fragment of pleasure’ indicates how minor sensory rewards reinforce deep patterns that obstruct tapas and jñāna.