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Shloka 29

धन-राजधर्म संवादः

Discourse on Wealth and Royal Duty

इति देवा व्यवसिता वेदवादाश्न शाश्वता: । अधीयते<थध्यापयन्ते यजन्ते याजयन्ति च

iti devā vyavasitā vedavādāś ca śāśvatāḥ | adhīyate 'tha adhyāpayante yajante yājayanti ca |

Arjuna dit : «Ainsi les dieux en ont-ils décidé, et ainsi se tient la doctrine éternelle proclamée par les Veda : par la richesse, les “deux-fois-nés” étudient et enseignent le savoir védique ; par la richesse, ils accomplissent les sacrifices et font accomplir des sacrifices. De même, les rois — ayant vaincu d’autres au combat et rapporté leurs richesses — utilisent ces biens pour entreprendre tout rite auspicious. En vérité, nous ne voyons aucun roi posséder une richesse qui n’ait été acquise en faisant du tort à autrui.»

इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
देवाःthe gods
देवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
व्यवसिताःresolved, determined
व्यवसिताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यवसित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वेदवादाःVedic doctrines/teachings
वेदवादाः:
TypeNoun
Rootवेदवाद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शाश्वताःeternal
शाश्वताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootशाश्वत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अधीयतेone studies/recites
अधीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootअधि-इ
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
अथthen/and
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
अध्यापयन्तेthey cause to study/teach
अध्यापयन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootअधि-आपय (caus. of अधि-इ)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
यजन्तेthey sacrifice/perform worship
यजन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootयज्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
याजयन्तिthey cause (others) to sacrifice; officiate
याजयन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootयाजय (caus. of यज्)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

अर्जुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
D
devas (gods)
V
Vedas
K
kings (rājānaḥ)
Y
yajña (sacrifice)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a tension in dharma: Vedic-ritual life (study, teaching, sacrifice) depends on wealth, yet royal wealth is often acquired through conquest and harm. It raises an ethical problem about the sources of prosperity used for ‘auspicious’ acts.

Arjuna speaks, citing what is presented as an established, Veda-backed principle: wealth enables religious and social duties. He then points to the practical reality of kingship—wealth commonly comes from defeating others—thereby questioning the moral purity of royal resources used for righteous works.