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Shloka 30

धन-राजधर्म संवादः

Discourse on Wealth and Royal Duty

कृत्स्नं तदेव तच्छेयो यदप्पाददते5न्यतः । न पश्यामोडनपकृतं धनं किंचित्‌ क्वचिद्‌ वयम्‌

kṛtsnaṃ tadeva tac chreyo yad apāpād dadata anyataḥ | na paśyāmo 'napakṛtaṃ dhanaṃ kiṃcit kvacid vayam ||

Arjuna dit : «Le bien suprême, tout entier, n’est autre que la richesse donnée sans péché, acquise ailleurs sans commettre d’injustice. Pourtant, nous ne voyons nulle part, en aucun lieu, une richesse qui n’ait été rapportée en faisant du tort à autrui. Telle est la décision des dieux, tel est l’antique principe enseigné par les Veda : par la richesse, les dvija, les “deux-fois-nés”, étudient et enseignent les Veda et les śāstra ; par la richesse, ils accomplissent les sacrifices et les font accomplir ; et les rois, après avoir vaincu d’autres en bataille et pris leurs biens, emploient cette même richesse à célébrer tous les rites de bon augure. Mais dans le monde des rois, nous ne trouvons aucun trésor qui n’ait été obtenu au prix d’une blessure infligée à quelqu’un.»

कृत्स्नम्entire, whole
कृत्स्नम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत्स्न
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed, only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
श्रेयःthe better, welfare, good
श्रेयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्रेयस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
यत्which, that which
यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अप्पाददतेgives water for washing the feet (as hospitality)
अप्पाददते:
TypeVerb
Rootअप्-पाद-दद्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
अन्यतःfrom another (source), otherwise
अन्यतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्यतः
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पश्यामःwe see
पश्यामः:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPresent, First, Plural, Parasmaipada
अनपकृतम्not obtained by harming (others); without wrongdoing
अनपकृतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअन-अपकृत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
धनम्wealth
धनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
किञ्चित्any, something
किञ्चित्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
क्वचित्anywhere, ever
क्वचित्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्वचित्
वयम्we
वयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormNominative, Plural

अर्जुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
D
devas (gods)
V
Vedas
D
dvija (twice-born)
Ś
śāstra
Y
yajña (sacrifice)
R
rājānaḥ (kings)
Y
yuddha (war)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a moral tension between artha (wealth) and dharma: ideally, the best wealth is sinless and harmlessly obtained, yet in political life—especially for kings—wealth commonly arises from conquest and injury. It questions whether social and ritual goods funded by wealth can be fully separated from the means of acquisition.

Arjuna speaks reflectively about the sources of wealth in royal and social life. He notes that Vedic learning, sacrifice, and royal ‘auspicious acts’ depend on wealth, but observes that kings typically obtain wealth through warfare and taking others’ property, making ‘pure’ wealth hard to find.