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Shloka 53

Śaraṇāgatapālana—Prastāvanā

Protection of the Refuge-Seeker: Opening of the Kapota Narrative

“शत्रु ककणाजनक वचन बोल रहा हो तो भी उसे मारे बिना न छोड़े। जिसने पहले अपना अपकार किया हो, उसको अवश्य मार डाले और उसमें दु:ख न माने ।।

bhīṣma uvāca | saṅgrahānugrahe yatnaḥ sadā kāryo 'n-asūyatā | nigrahaś cāpi yatnena kartavyo bhūtim icchatā ||

Bhīṣma dit : Quand bien même l’ennemi prononcerait des paroles propres à rassurer, qu’on ne le relâche pas sans l’abattre. Celui qui a déjà fait du tort doit être mis à mort à coup sûr, sans qu’on s’en afflige. Le roi qui désire prospérité et souveraineté doit renoncer à l’esprit de reproche et à l’envie ; qu’il s’applique sans cesse à gagner et à garder les hommes de son côté par le soutien et la faveur, et qu’il s’emploie aussi, avec effort réfléchi, à contenir et à soumettre les ennemis.

संग्रहin winning over / in conciliation (of people)
संग्रह:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंग्रह
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अनुग्रहेin showing favor / in granting help
अनुग्रहे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअनुग्रह
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
यत्नःeffort
यत्नः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयत्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
कार्यःto be done / should be made
कार्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकार्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अनसूयताfreedom from envy / non-censoriousness
अनसूयता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअनसूयता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
निग्रहःrestraint / suppression (of enemies)
निग्रहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिग्रह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso / even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
यत्नेनby effort
यत्नेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootयत्न
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
कर्तव्यःought to be done
कर्तव्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकर्तव्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भूतिम्prosperity / success
भूतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभूति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
इच्छताby (one) desiring
इच्छता:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootइष्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

A ruler aiming at prosperity should combine two disciplines: (1) saṅgraha and anugraha—winning, retaining, and supporting people through benevolence; and (2) nigraha—firmly restraining enemies and disruptive forces. Both require steady, intentional effort, and should be pursued without envy or fault-finding.

In Shanti Parva’s instruction on kingship (rājadharma), Bhishma continues advising Yudhishthira on practical governance. Here he summarizes a balanced policy: cultivate allies and subjects through favor and inclusion, while also suppressing threats to the kingdom with disciplined resolve.