Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 20

कृष्णेन अर्जुनस्य प्रोत्साहनम् — Kṛṣṇa’s Exhortation to Arjuna

Prelude to Karṇa’s Slaying

दूसरे बहुत-से हाथी बाणोंसे व्यथित और घावोंसे पीड़ित हो भाग चले और कितने ही उस महासमरमें दोनों दाँतों और कुम्भस्थलोंको धरतीपर टेककर धराशायी हो गये ।।

dvitīyā bahavaḥ hastino bāṇair vyathitā vraṇaiś ca pīḍitāḥ palāyanta, kecid asmin mahāsamare ubhābhyāṃ dantābhyāṃ kumbhasthalaiś ca bhūmau nyasya nipetuḥ. vineduḥ siṃhavad anye nadanto bhairavān ravān; bhramur bahavo rājan, śruktūś ca apare gajāḥ.

Sañjaya dit : Bien d’autres éléphants, tourmentés par les flèches et accablés de blessures, s’enfuirent, saisis de panique ; et certains, dans cette grande bataille, s’effondrèrent sur le sol, s’appuyant de leurs deux défenses et des bosses de leur front (kumbhasthala). D’autres rugissaient comme des lions, poussant des clameurs effroyables ; et beaucoup, ô Roi, erraient dans la confusion, tandis que d’autres encore hurlaient et barrissaient. La scène rappelle le prix moral de la guerre : même les plus puissants, sous l’aiguillon de la peur et de la douleur, sont réduits à l’impuissance au milieu du tumulte de la violence.

विनेदुःroared/sounded
विनेदुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootनि√नद्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3, Plural, Parasmaipada
सिंहवत्like a lion
सिंहवत्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसिंहवत्
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्येothers
अन्ये:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नदन्तःroaring
नदन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootनदत्
FormPresent active participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
भैरवान्terrifying
भैरवान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootभैरव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
रवान्sounds/cries
रवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
भश्रमुःwandered/whirled about
भश्रमुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootभ्रम्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3, Plural, Parasmaipada
बहवःmany
बहवः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
श्रुक्तुशुःcried out/shouted
श्रुक्तुशुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3, Plural, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपरेothers
अपरे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअपर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
गजाःelephants
गजाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
E
elephants (gaja/hastin)
A
arrows (bāṇa)
T
tusks (danta)
E
elephant temples/frontal globes (kumbhasthala)
B
battlefield (mahāsamara)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the collateral suffering caused by war: even powerful creatures like war-elephants are broken by pain and fear. It implicitly critiques the dehumanizing (and de-animalizing) force of violence, reminding the listener that martial glory is inseparable from widespread anguish.

Sañjaya reports to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra that many elephants, pierced by arrows and wounded, flee the battlefield; some collapse after bracing their tusks and temple-globes on the ground. Others roar like lions, while many stagger about in confusion and cry out loudly amid the tumult.