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Shloka 263

Go-mahātmyam: Pavitrāṇāṃ Pavitraṃ

Cows and Ghee as Supreme Purifiers

आसामैश्वर्यमिच्छन्ति सर्वेडमृतमयं शुभम्‌ | 'जैसे वायु

āsām aiśvaryam icchanti sarve ’mṛtamayaṃ śubham | yathā vāyur agniḥ suvarṇaṃ samudro devatābhiḥ pītam amṛtaṃ ca na ucchiṣṭaṃ bhavati, tathā vatsānāṃ pāne ’pi vatsasnehavatī gauḥ na dūṣyate na ucchiṣṭā bhavati | (tātparyam: pāne vatsamukhāt patitaḥ phenakaḥ aśuddhaḥ na manyate) etā gāvaḥ svadugdhaghṛtābhyāṃ idaṃ sarvaṃ jagat pālayiṣyanti | sarve icchanti etāsāṃ gāṃ madhye maṅgalakārī amṛtamaya-dugdha-sampad avicchinnā tiṣṭhet |

Bhishma explique que tous souhaitent pour ces vaches une prospérité de bon augure, pareille à l’amṛta. De même que le vent, le feu, l’or, l’océan, et même le nectar bu par les dieux ne sont pas tenus pour « souillés » ni pour des « restes », de même la vache qui nourrit ses veaux avec tendresse ne devient pas impure lorsqu’ils tètent. Ainsi, l’écume tombée de la bouche du veau pendant qu’il boit n’est pas regardée comme malpropre. De telles vaches, par leur lait et leur ghee, soutiennent le monde entier ; c’est pourquoi les hommes désirent que la richesse bénie de leur lait, semblable à l’amṛta, demeure à jamais surabondante.

आसाम्of these (cows)
आसाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (स्त्री. प्रातिपदिक: अस्मद्/इदम्-प्रत्ययान्त रूप-परम्परा; here: एतद्-सम्बद्ध सर्वनाम)
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
ऐश्वर्यम्prosperity/wealth
ऐश्वर्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootऐश्वर्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
इच्छन्तिdesire
इच्छन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootइष् (इच्छ्)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
सर्वेall (people)
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अमृतमयम्nectar-like; full of ambrosia
अमृतमयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअमृतमय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शुभम्auspicious
शुभम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशुभ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
C
cows (gauḥ/gāvaḥ)
C
calves (vatsāḥ)
W
wind (vāyu)
F
fire (agni)
G
gold (suvarṇa)
O
ocean (samudra)
G
gods (devatāḥ)
N
nectar/ambrosia (amṛta)
M
milk (dugdha)
G
ghee (ghṛta)
F
foam/froth (phenaka)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma teaches that a cow’s nurturing act is intrinsically pure: even if a calf’s mouth-contact produces foam or remnants, it is not treated as ucchiṣṭa (defiling leftover). This supports a dharmic ethic that honors the cow as a sustaining, auspicious source of nourishment for society.

In Bhishma’s instruction on dharma, he addresses concerns about impurity connected with calves drinking. He uses analogies (wind, fire, gold, ocean, divine nectar) to argue that certain sustaining or inherently pure substances are not defiled, and concludes by praising cows whose milk and ghee maintain the world and whose abundance everyone wishes to preserve.