Shloka 5
Śakra–Śambara Saṃvāda: Brāhmaṇa-sevā, Anasūyā, and Vāg-bala (शक्रशम्बरसंवादः)
Devanagari script
एतत् कृत्यतमं राज्ञो नित्यमेवोपलक्षयेत् । यथा5त्मानं यथा पुत्रांस्तथैतान् प्रतिपालयेत्
Translation
C’est là le devoir le plus essentiel du roi, qu’il doit garder constamment à l’esprit. De même qu’il protège sa propre personne et ses fils, qu’il protège de la même manière ces brāhmaṇas.
Word by Word
एतत्this (duty)
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
कृत्यतमम्most to-be-done; highest duty
कृत्यतमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत्यतम (कृत्य + तमप्)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
राज्ञःof the king
राज्ञः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
Formtrue
एवindeed; just
एव:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
Formtrue
उपलक्षयेत्should observe/keep in view
उपलक्षयेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउप-लक्ष्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
यथाas; just as
यथा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
Formtrue
आत्मानम्oneself
आत्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यथाand as
यथा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
Formtrue
पुत्रान्sons
पुत्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तथाso; likewise
तथा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
Formtrue
एतान्these (people)
एतान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
प्रतिपालयेत्should protect/maintain
प्रतिपालयेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-पाल्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes