Previous Verse
Next Verse

Mahabharata — Adi Parva, Shloka 33

कृपकृपी-जननम्

The Birth of Kṛpa and Kṛpī; Kṛpa’s Attainment of Astras

स्वयंजात: प्रणीतश्न तत्सम: पुत्रिकासुत: । पौनर्भवश्ल कानीन: भगिन्यां यश्ष॒ जायते

svayaṃjātaḥ praṇītaś ca tat-samaḥ putrikā-sutaḥ | paunarbhavaś ca kānīno bhaginyāṃ yaś ca jāyate ||

Vaiśampāyana dit : «Le fils qu’un homme engendre lui-même sur son épouse légitimement mariée est appelé “Svayaṃjāta”. Celui qu’on nomme “Praṇīta” est un fils produit dans l’épouse par l’entremise ou la faveur d’un homme digne (c’est-à-dire par désignation). Le fils de la fille (putrikā-suta) est aussi tenu pour équivalent (au fils propre). Le fils né d’une femme remariée est dit “Paunarbhava”. Le fils connu sous le nom de “Kānīna” est celui qui naît d’une jeune fille (selon l’accord que l’enfant sera compté comme fils de celui qui la donne). Et le fils né de la sœur (le neveu) est également compté parmi ceux-ci.»

स्वयंजातःself-begotten (son)
स्वयंजातः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्वयंजात
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रणीतःthe 'pranīta' (a class of son)
प्रणीतः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रणीत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तत्समःequal to that (i.e., equivalent)
तत्समः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतत्सम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुत्रिकासुतःdaughter's son (putrikā-putra)
पुत्रिकासुतः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्रिकासुत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पौनर्भवःthe 'paunarbhava' (son of a remarried woman)
पौनर्भवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपौनर्भव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कानीनःthe 'kānīna' (son of an unmarried girl / pre-marital son)
कानीनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकानीन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भगिन्याम्in/from the sister (i.e., of the sister)
भगिन्याम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभगिनी
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जायतेis born
जायते:
TypeVerb
Rootजन्
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana

Educational Q&A

The verse classifies several socially recognized categories of ‘sons’ and kin treated as sons, indicating how dharma-textual society extended lineage, ritual, and inheritance continuity beyond biological paternity when needed.

Vaiśampāyana is explaining to the listener a traditional enumeration of son-types—biological, appointed/arranged, daughter’s son, son of a remarried woman, maiden-born son under stipulation, and sister’s son—clarifying their recognized status within family and dharma frameworks.