Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 17

Bhojana-vidhi and Nitya-karman: Directions for Eating, Prāṇa-Oblations, Sandhyā, and Conduct Leading to Apavarga

नाश्नीयात् प्रेक्षमाणानामप्रदायैव दुर्मतिः / न यज्ञशिष्टादन्द् वा न क्रुद्धो नान्यमानसः

nāśnīyāt prekṣamāṇānāmapradāyaiva durmatiḥ / na yajñaśiṣṭādand vā na kruddho nānyamānasaḥ

L’homme à l’esprit insensé ne doit pas manger sous le regard d’autrui sans d’abord lui en offrir une part. Qu’il ne mange pas non plus une nourriture qui ne soit pas le reste d’un yajña (sacrifice); qu’il ne mange ni dans la colère, ni l’esprit fixé ailleurs.

nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/negation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध (negation particle)
aśnīyātshould eat
aśnīyāt:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootaś (अश् धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः (3rd), एकवचनम्
prekṣamāṇānāmof those who are watching
prekṣamāṇānām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/possessor)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-īkṣ (प्र-ईक्ष् धातु)
Formशतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त (present active participle), षष्ठी-विभक्तिः (Genitive/6th), बहुवचनम्; ‘प्रेक्षमाण’ = seeing/looking
a-pradāyawithout giving
a-pradāya:
Kriya (क्रिया/पूर्वक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Roota- (नञ्) + pra-dā (प्र-दा धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive) with negation: ‘अप्रदाय’ = not having given (alms/share); धातुः: प्र-दा (to give)
evaindeed/just
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic particle)
durmatiḥa wicked-minded person
durmatiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdurmati (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative/1st), एकवचनम्
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/negation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध (negation particle)
yajña-śiṣṭātfrom sacrificial remnants
yajña-śiṣṭāt:
Apadana (अपादानम्)
TypeNoun
Rootyajña (प्रातिपदिक) + śiṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गः, पञ्चमी-विभक्तिः (Ablative/5th), एकवचनम्; तत्पुरुषः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः) ‘यज्ञस्य शिष्टम्’
and(unclear reading)
and:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootand (अव्यय/पाठभेद)
Formपाठदोष/अस्पष्ट-पद; सम्भाव्यं ‘अन्नात्’/‘अदन्’ इत्यादि; अत्र अव्ययवत् ग्रहणम्
or
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/alternative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
Formविकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (disjunctive particle)
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/negation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध (negation particle)
kruddhaḥangry
kruddhaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootkruddha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative/1st), एकवचनम्; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle used adjectivally) from √krudh
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/negation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध (negation particle)
anya-mānasaḥwith mind elsewhere/distracted
anya-mānasaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootanya (प्रातिपदिक) + mānasa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative/1st), एकवचनम्; कर्मधारयः ‘अन्यं मानसं यस्य’ इति बहुव्रीह्यर्थेऽपि सम्भवः, परन्तु रूपतः कर्मधारय-समासः

Lord Kūrma (Vishnu) instructing sages on dharma and disciplined living

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

L
Lord Kūrma
V
Vishnu
Y
Yajña
D
Dharma

FAQs

By forbidding eating in anger or with a distracted mind, the verse implies that inner steadiness (citta-prasāda) is essential for dharmic life—an indirect preparation for Self-knowledge, where the Atman is realized through a calm, undivided awareness.

It emphasizes practical yoga of restraint: mindful eating, freedom from krodha (anger), and ekāgratā (one-pointed attention). Such āhāra-śuddhi and manas-śuddhi are foundational disciplines that support higher contemplative practices taught in the Kurma Purana’s Yoga-oriented sections.

Though not naming Śiva directly, the teaching reflects the Purana’s shared Shaiva–Vaishnava ethic: disciplined conduct, consecrated food (yajña-śiṣṭa), and mental purity are upheld as universal dharma supportive of devotion and liberation in both traditions.