Shloka 30
Pṛthivy-Āyāma-Vistara (Extent of the Earth) and Jambūdvīpa–Navavarṣa Description
Devanagari script
प्रपातविषमैस्तैस्तु पर्वतैरावृतानि तु / संततानि नदीभेदैरगम्यानि परस्परम्
Transliteration
prapātaviṣamaistaistu parvatairāvṛtāni tu / saṃtatāni nadībhedairagamyāni parasparam
Translation
Ces contrées sont entourées de montagnes escarpées et inégales, rendues rudes par les chutes; et, sans cesse, elles sont séparées par les multiples bras des rivières : ainsi demeurent-elles inaccessibles l’une à l’autre.
Word by Word
prapāta-viṣamaiḥby/with precipitous-uneven (ones)
prapāta-viṣamaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootprapāta (प्रातिपदिक) + viṣama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd/तृतीया), Bahuvacana; विशेषण-प्रयोगः (instrumental plural adjective)
taiḥby those
taiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd/तृतीया), Bahuvacana; सर्वनाम (pronoun)
tuindeed/but
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormNipāta (particle), emphasis/contrast
parvataiḥby mountains
parvataiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootparvata (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd/तृतीया), Bahuvacana
āvṛtānicovered/enclosed
āvṛtāni:
Karma (कर्म) / Predicate adjective of subject
TypeAdjective
Rootā-√vṛ (धातु) + kta (कृत् प्रत्यय)
FormKta-participle (past passive participle), Napuṃsakaliṅga, Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Bahuvacana; विशेषणम्
tuindeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormNipāta (particle), emphasis
saṃtatānicontinuous/extended
saṃtatāni:
Karta (कर्ता) (as predicate/subject qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootsaṃtata (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapuṃsakaliṅga, Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Bahuvacana; विशेषणम्
nadī-bhedaiḥby divisions/branches of rivers
nadī-bhedaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootnadī (प्रातिपदिक) + bheda (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd/तृतीया), Bahuvacana; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (nadīnām bhedaiḥ)
agamyāniimpassable
agamyāni:
Karta (कर्ता) (predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Roota-gamya (प्रातिपदिक; √gam (धातु) + yat)
FormGerundive (यत्/णीय), Napuṃsakaliṅga, Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Bahuvacana; न-प्रत्यय (negation)
parasparammutually/with respect to one another
parasparam:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण) / adverbial relation
TypeIndeclinable
Rootparaspara (प्रातिपदिक/अव्ययीभाववत्)
FormAvyaya (reciprocal adverb)