Shloka 17
Aśauca-vidhi (Rules of Impurity) within Śrāddha-kalpa — Chapter on Testing/Selecting Brahmanas and Honoring the Atithi
Devanagari script
अभ्यागतः पाकचारदतिथिः स्यादपावकः / अतिथेरतिथिः प्रोक्तः सो ऽतिथिर्योग उच्यते
Transliteration
abhyāgataḥ pākacāradatithiḥ syādapāvakaḥ / atitheratithiḥ proktaḥ so 'tithiryoga ucyate
Translation
L’hôte qui arrive à l’heure du repas est dit ‘apāvaka’; et l’hôte de l’hôte est déclaré l’atithi nommé ‘yoga’.
Word by Word
abhyāgataḥan arrival/visitor
abhyāgataḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootabhi-ā-gata (कृदन्त; √gam)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्त (past participle) used substantively ‘one who has arrived’
pāka-cāra-daḥgiver of cooked food and supplies
pāka-cāra-daḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootpāka + cāra + da (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘पाकं चारं ददाति’/‘पाकचारं ददाति’ = one who gives cooked food and provisions
atithiḥa guest
atithiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootatithi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
syātwould be/is to be
syāt:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√as (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
apāvakaḥnot (like) fire; non-burning
apāvakaḥ:
Predicative (विधेय/Complement)
TypeAdjective
Roota-pāvaka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नञ्-समास/नकार (a-), ‘not fire’ i.e., not (like) fire
atitheḥof a guest
atitheḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootatithi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन
atithiḥa guest
atithiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootatithi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
proktaḥis said/declared
proktaḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicative)
TypeAdjective
Rootprokta (कृदन्त; √vac)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्त (past participle) ‘said/declared’
saḥthat/he
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
atithiḥguest
atithiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootatithi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
yogaḥa (special) conjunction/connection; yoga
yogaḥ:
Predicative (विधेय/Complement)
TypeNoun
Rootyoga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
ucyateis called
ucyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोग (passive)