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Srimad Bhagavatam — Shashtha Skandha, Shloka 19

Nārada and Aṅgirā Instruct Citraketu: Impermanence, Ātma-Tattva, and Mantra-Upadeśa

इत्थं त्वां पुत्रशोकेन मग्नं तमसि दुस्तरे । अतदर्हमनुस्मृत्य महापुरुषगोचरम् ॥ १८ ॥ अनुग्रहाय भवत: प्राप्तावावामिह प्रभो । ब्रह्मण्यो भगवद्भ‍क्तो नावासादितुमर्हसि ॥ १९ ॥

itthaṁ tvāṁ putra-śokena magnaṁ tamasi dustare atad-arham anusmṛtya mahāpuruṣa-gocaram

Ô roi, tu es un dévot avancé du Bhagavān, la Personne Suprême; il ne sied pas à quelqu’un comme toi de se noyer dans le chagrin d’une perte matérielle. Nous sommes venus tous deux pour te délivrer de ce deuil illusoire né des ténèbres de l’ignorance; en tant que bhakta qui honore les brāhmaṇas, tu ne dois pas sombrer dans l’abattement.

itthamthus
ittham:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootittham (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)
tvāmyou
tvām:
Karma (कर्म/Direct object)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), Masculine/Feminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
putra-śokenaby grief for (your) son
putra-śokena:
Karana (करण/Instrument-cause)
TypeNoun
Rootputra (प्रातिपदिक) + śoka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; Tatpuruṣa (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष): putrasya śokaḥ ‘grief of (one’s) son’
magnamsunk, immersed
magnam:
Karma (कर्म; object complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootmagna (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √majj मज्ज्)
FormPast passive participle (क्त/ktá), Neuter/Masculine Accusative Singular agreeing with tvām (object-predicate)
tamasiin darkness
tamasi:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Roottamas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular
dustarehard to cross
dustare:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootduṣṭara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative Singular; adjective qualifying tamasi
a-tat-arhamunworthy of that
a-tat-arham:
Karma (कर्म; object complement)
TypeAdjective
Roota- (नञ्) + tat (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + arha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative Singular; Tatpuruṣa with negation: ‘not worthy of that’ (atad-arham)
anusmṛtyahaving remembered
anusmṛtya:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootanu-√smṛ (धातु स्मृ)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), ‘having remembered’
mahā-puruṣa-gocaram(that which is) within the scope of the Supreme Person
mahā-puruṣa-gocaram:
Karma (कर्म; object of anusmṛtya)
TypeAdjective
Rootmahā (प्रातिपदिक) + puruṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + gocara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative Singular; Tatpuruṣa: ‘within the range of the Mahāpuruṣa’
anugrahāyafor (your) favor, to show grace
anugrahāya:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Purpose-recipient)
TypeNoun
Rootanugraha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular
bhavataḥof you
bhavataḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootbhavat (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक/भवत्)
FormPronoun (honorific), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular
prāptauhaving come, arrived
prāptau:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeVerb
Rootprāpta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √āp आप्)
FormPast participle used adjectivally, Masculine, Nominative Dual (प्रथमा-द्विवचन), agreeing with āvām
āvāmwe two
āvām:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual (द्विवचन)
ihahere
iha:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiha (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, adverb (देशवाचक)
prabhoO lord
prabho:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootprabhu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular
brahmaṇyaḥdevoted to brāhmaṇas / pious
brahmaṇyaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbrahmaṇya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative Singular; adjective qualifying bhagavad-bhaktaḥ
bhagavat-bhaktaḥ(you are) a devotee of the Lord
bhagavat-bhaktaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; implied ‘you’) / Sambodhana-context predicate
TypeNoun
Rootbhagavat (प्रातिपदिक) + bhakta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √bhaj भज्)
FormMasculine, Nominative Singular; Tatpuruṣa: ‘devotee of the Lord’
nanot
na:
Pratishedha (प्रतिषेध/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, negation particle (निषेध)
avāsāditumto disregard / to ruin (us)
avāsāditum:
Karma (कर्म; object of arhasi)
TypeVerb
Rootava-√sad (धातु सद्)
FormInfinitive (तुमुन्), ‘to bring to ruin / to disregard / to offend’
arhasiyou ought (to)
arhasi:
Kriya (क्रिया/Finite verb)
TypeVerb
Root√arh (धातु अर्ह्)
FormPresent tense (लट्), 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

Several words in this verse are very important. The word mahā-puruṣa refers to advanced devotees and also to the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Mahā means “the supreme,” and puruṣa means “person.” One who always engages in the service of the Supreme Lord is called mahā-pauruṣika. Śukadeva Gosvāmī and Mahārāja Parīkṣit are sometimes addressed as mahā-pauruṣika. A devotee should always aspire to engage in the service of advanced devotees. As Śrīla Narottama dāsa Ṭhākura has sung:

C
Citraketu
A
Aṅgirā
N
Nārada
B
Bhagavān (the Supreme Lord)

FAQs

This verse shows that intense lamentation is described as a dark, hard-to-cross state (tamas), and relief comes when saintly devotees bring remembrance of the Supreme Lord and give spiritual guidance.

They saw him overwhelmed by sorrow and, remembering the Supreme Lord, came specifically to show him mercy—guiding him from grief toward devotion and higher understanding.

Seek the company and counsel of spiritually grounded people, redirect the mind from despair to remembrance of God, and cultivate humility and respect—especially toward those who embody wisdom and virtue.