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Srimad Bhagavatam — Panchama Skandha, Shloka 5

Viṣṇupadī Gaṅgā: Descent, Cosmic Pathways, and Śiva’s Praise of Saṅkarṣaṇa

तत्र चतुर्धा भिद्यमाना चतुर्भिर्नामभिश्चतुर्दिशमभिस्पन्दन्ती नदनदीपतिमेवाभिनिविशति सीतालकनन्दा चक्षुर्भद्रेति ॥ ५ ॥

tatra caturdhā bhidyamānā caturbhir nāmabhiś catur-diśam abhispandantī nada-nadī-patim evābhiniviśati sītālakanandā cakṣur bhadreti.

Au sommet du mont Meru, le Gaṅgā se divise en quatre bras; portant quatre noms, ils jaillissent vers les quatre directions et, finalement, se jettent dans l’océan, seigneur des fleuves. Ces quatre courants se nomment Sītā, Alakanandā, Cakṣu et Bhadrā.

tatrathere
tatra:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatra (अव्यय)
Formस्थानवाचक-अव्यय (locative adverb)
caturdhāfourfold
caturdhā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootcaturdhā (अव्यय)
Formपरिमाण/विभागवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: ‘in four ways’)
bhidyamānābeing divided
bhidyamānā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Root√bhid (धातु)
Formवर्तमान-कृदन्त (शानच्, कर्मणि), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘being divided’
caturbhiḥwith four
caturbhiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootcatur (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंस, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; ‘by/with four’ (with nāmabhiḥ)
nāmabhiḥnames
nāmabhiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootnāman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन
catur-diśamthe four directions
catur-diśam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootcatur (प्रातिपदिक) + diś (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; ‘the four directions’ (collective)
abhispandantīflowing toward
abhispandantī:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootabhi-√spand (धातु)
Formवर्तमान-कृदन्त (शतृ), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘flowing/pulsating toward’
nada-nadī-patimthe lord of rivers (the ocean)
nada-nadī-patim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootnada (प्रातिपदिक) + nadī (प्रातिपदिक) + pati (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; ‘lord of rivers and streams’ (ocean)
evaindeed
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण-निपात
abhiniviśatienters/flows into
abhiniviśati:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootabhi-ni-√viś (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
sītāSītā (river)
sītā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsītā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नदी-नाम (name of a branch)
alakanandāAlakanandā
alakanandā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootalakanandā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नदी-नाम
cakṣuḥCakṣu
cakṣuḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootcakṣus (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नदी-नाम
bhadrāBhadrā
bhadrā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbhadrā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नदी-नाम
itithus (named)
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formइति-निपात (quotative)

FAQs

This verse explains that a principal river in that region divides into four branches and flows in four directions as Sītā, Alakanandā, Cakṣu, and Bhadrā, finally merging into the ocean.

Śukadeva Gosvāmī is narrating the cosmological description of Jambūdvīpa to King Parīkṣit as part of the Fifth Canto’s account of the universe’s structure.

Just as many rivers ultimately enter one ocean, diverse paths of duty and purification should culminate in remembrance of and surrender to the Supreme Lord, the ultimate goal of all journeys.