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Srimad Bhagavatam — Panchama Skandha, Shloka 30

Priyavrata Accepts Kingship by Brahmā’s Instruction; Sapta-dvīpa Formation and Renunciation

यावदवभासयति सुरगिरिमनुपरिक्रामन् भगवानादित्यो वसुधातलमर्धेनैव प्रतपत्यर्धेनावच्छादयति तदा हि भगवदुपासनोपचितातिपुरुषप्रभावस्तदनभिनन्दन् समजवेन रथेन ज्योतिर्मयेन रजनीमपि दिनं करिष्यामीति सप्तकृत्वस्तरणिमनुपर्यक्रामद् द्वितीय इव पतङ्ग: ॥ ३० ॥

yāvad avabhāsayati sura-girim anuparikrāman bhagavān ādityo vasudhā-talam ardhenaiva pratapaty ardhenāvacchādayati tadā hi bhagavad-upāsanopacitāti-puruṣa-prabhāvas tad anabhinandan samajavena rathena jyotirmayena rajanīm api dinaṁ kariṣyāmīti sapta-kṛt vastaraṇim anuparyakrāmad dvitīya iva pataṅgaḥ.

Tandis que le dieu Soleil, en contournant le mont Sumeru, n’éclaire la surface de la terre que pour moitié et laisse l’autre moitié voilée, Priyavrata—fort d’une puissance surhumaine acquise par l’adoration du Bhagavān—n’approuva pas cet état de choses. Il résolut : « Là même où règne la nuit, je ferai le jour. » Puis, monté sur un char lumineux à l’allure égale, il suivit l’orbite du dieu Soleil et l’encercla sept fois, tel un second astre.

yāvatas long as
yāvat:
Kāla (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyāvat (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; temporal conjunction (यावत् = 'as long as/while')
avabhāsayatiilluminates
avabhāsayati:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootava-bhās (धातु)
FormLaṭ (लट्, present), 3rd person, Singular; Parasmaipada; causative sense 'makes shine/illuminates'
sura-girimthe divine mountain
sura-girim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsura (प्रातिपदिक) + giri (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd), Singular; तत्पुरुष: 'mountain of the gods'
anuparikrāmancircling
anuparikrāman:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootanu-pari-kram (धातु)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; agreeing with ādityaḥ; 'going around'
bhagavānthe Lord
bhagavān:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbhagavat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Singular
ādityaḥthe Sun
ādityaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootāditya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Singular; apposition to bhagavān
vasudhā-talamthe earth’s surface
vasudhā-talam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvasudhā (प्रातिपदिक) + tala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular; तत्पुरुष: 'surface of the earth'
ardhenawith half
ardhena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootardha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental (3rd), Singular; 'with half (of it)'
evaindeed
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; emphasis particle (निश्चयार्थक)
pratapatiheats
pratapati:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-tap (धातु)
FormLaṭ (present), 3rd person, Singular; Parasmaipada
ardhenawith (the other) half
ardhena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootardha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental (3rd), Singular
avacchādayaticovers
avacchādayati:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootava-chād (धातु)
FormLaṭ (present), 3rd person, Singular; Parasmaipada; causative sense 'covers'
tadāthen
tadā:
Kāla (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottadā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; time-adverb (कालवाचक)
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; emphatic/causal particle (हेतौ/निश्चये)
bhagavad-upāsanā-upacita-ati-puruṣa-prabhāvaḥ(he) whose superhuman power was increased by worship of the Lord
bhagavad-upāsanā-upacita-ati-puruṣa-prabhāvaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbhagavat (प्रातिपदिक) + upāsanā (प्रातिपदिक) + upacita (कृदन्त/ppp) + ati (अव्यय/उपसर्गसदृश) + puruṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + prabhāva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Singular; बहुव्रीहि: 'one whose extraordinary power is accumulated by worship of the Lord'
tatthat
tat:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular; pronoun referring to that (sun’s act/condition)
anabhinandannot approving
anabhinandan:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootan-abhinand (धातु)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; 'not approving/ not accepting'
samajavenawith equal speed
samajavena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsama (प्रातिपदिक) + java (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental (3rd), Singular; कर्मधारय: 'with equal speed'
rathenaby a chariot
rathena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootratha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3rd), Singular
jyotirmayenaluminous
jyotirmayena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootjyotis (प्रातिपदिक) + maya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental (3rd), Singular; तत्पुरुष: 'made of light'
rajanīmnight
rajanīm:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootrajanī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative (2nd), Singular
apieven
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; inclusion particle (अपि)
dinamday
dinam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdina (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular
kariṣyāmiI will make
kariṣyāmi:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootkṛ (धातु)
FormLuṭ (लुट्, periphrastic future), 1st person (उत्तमपुरुष), Singular; Parasmaipada
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; quotative particle (इति)
sapta-kṛtvaḥseven times
sapta-kṛtvaḥ:
Kāla (काल/आवृत्ति)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsapta (संख्या) + kṛtvas (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyayībhāva; frequency adverb (आवृत्तिवाचक): 'seven times'
taraṇimthe Sun
taraṇim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottaraṇi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd), Singular; 'the Sun' as object of circling
anuparyakrāmatcircled
anuparyakrāmat:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootanu-pari-kram (धातु)
FormLuṅ (लुङ्, aorist), 3rd person, Singular; Parasmaipada; 'circled/ went around'
dvitīyaḥa second
dvitīyaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdvitīya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Singular; ordinal adjective
ivaas if
iva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; simile particle
pataṅgaḥsun (orb)/bird; here 'sun' metaphorically
pataṅgaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpataṅga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Singular; in apposition/comparison

There is a Bengali saying which describes that someone is so powerful that he can make the night day and the day night. That saying is current because of the prowess of Priyavrata. His activities demonstrate how powerful he became by worshiping the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Lord Kṛṣṇa is known as Yogeśvara, the master of all mystic powers. In Bhagavad-gītā (18.78) it is said wherever there is the master of all mystic powers ( yatra yogeśvaraḥ kṛṣṇaḥ ), victory, fortune and all other opulences are present. Devotional service is so powerful. When a devotee achieves what he wants to accomplish, it is not by his own mystic power but by the grace of the master of mystic power, Lord Kṛṣṇa: by His grace, a devotee can accomplish wonderful things unimaginable even to the most powerful scientist.

M
Mahārāja Priyavrata
Ā
Āditya (Sūrya, the Sun-god)
M
Mount Sumeru

FAQs

This verse says Priyavrata, empowered by worship of the Supreme Lord, followed the Sun seven times in a radiant chariot, appearing like a second sun, intending to remove the darkness of night.

Seeing that the Sun lights and heats only part of the earth at a time—leaving the other half in darkness—Priyavrata did not approve of that arrangement and, by his extraordinary potency, tried to extend daylight.

The verse emphasizes that sincere worship and devotion can awaken remarkable inner strength and resolve—encouraging disciplined spiritual practice rather than helplessness in the face of “darkness,” whether literal or personal.