Atharva Veda 4.19.1: Kanda 4, Anuvaka 2, Sukta 19, Mantra 1

Sukta 19

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

अपामार्गः। उ॒तो अ॒स्यब॑न्धुकृदु॒तो अ॑सि॒ नु जा॑मि॒कृत्। उ॒तो कृ॑त्या॒कृतः॑ प्र॒जां न॒डमि॒वा छि॑न्धि॒ वार्षि॑कम्

IAST Transliteration

apāmā́rgaḥ | utó asyábadhukṛ́d utó asi nú jāmikṛ́t | utó kṛtyākṛ́taḥ prajā́ṃ naḍám iva chindhi vā́rṣikam ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Apāmārga—moreover thou mak’st a friend; moreover, now, thou mak’st a kinsman. Moreover, as worker against the Kṛtyā, cut off the folk’s year-haunting ill, as one would cut a reed.

Translation

Apāmārga ! Toi aussi tu fais naître l’amitié ; toi aussi, maintenant, tu fais naître la parenté. Et, comme opérateur contre la Kṛtyā, tranche pour le peuple le mal qui le hante d’année en année, comme on coupe un roseau.

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Word by Word

• अपामार्गः: Apāmārga plant (Achyranthes aspera), the agent addressed
• अपामार्गः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: अपामार्ग (प्रातिपदिक)

• उतो: and also / moreover
• उतो: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत (निपात)

• असि: you are
• असि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)

• बन्धु-कृत्: maker of kin/ally; one who creates friendly bonds
• बन्धु-कृत्: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun (agent) / Adjective
• Root: बन्धु (प्रातिपदिक) + कृ (धातु)

• उतो: and also
• उतो: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत (निपात)

• असि: you are
• असि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)

• नु: now / indeed
• नु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नु (निपात)

• जामि-कृत्: maker of kinship/one who makes (people) related; reconciler
• जामि-कृत्: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun (agent) / Adjective
• Root: जामि (प्रातिपदिक) + कृ (धातु)

• उतो: and also
• उतो: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत (निपात)

• कृत्या-कृतः: maker/performer of kṛtyā (sorcery, harmful rite)
• कृत्या-कृतः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun (agent) / Adjective
• Root: कृत्या (प्रातिपदिक) + कृ (धातु)

• प्रजाम्: offspring, progeny
• प्रजाम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रजा (प्रातिपदिक)

• न: like / as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (निपात)

• डमि-इव: like a Dami (a kind of noxious being/creature; lit. ‘as a dami’)
• डमि-इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable (comparative phrase)
• Root: डमि (प्रातिपदिक) + इव (निपात)

• छिन्धि: cut off, sever
• छिन्धि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: छिद् (धातु)

• वार्षिकम्: the yearly/annual (evil/affliction); recurring yearly
• वार्षिकम्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: वार्षिक (प्रातिपदिक)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (not specified in excerpt)

Devata: Apāmārga

Chandas: Mixed/irregular prose-anuṣṭubh style (opening label + anuṣṭubh-like cadence; exact metrical scan uncertain from excerpt)

Mantra Rasa

Primary: vira

Secondary: shanta