Sutra 20

Devanagari script

तेषां हरणोपायाश्चत्वारिंशत् ॥ कZ_०२.८.२० ॥

Transliteration

teṣāṃ haraṇopāyāś catvāriṃśat

Translation

Les procédés de détournement (de ces fonds/biens) sont au nombre de quarante.

Word by Word

• तेषाम्: of them; their
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: षष्ठी-बहुवचनम् (Genitive plural), सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिकम्

• हरणोपायाः: the means/methods of taking away (appropriating)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपाय
• Form: प्रथमा-बहुवचनम् (Nominative plural), पुल्लिङ्गः; समास-विग्रहः: हरणस्य उपायाः

• चत्वारिंशत्: forty
• Type: Numeral
• Root: चत्वारिंशत्
• Form: संख्या-शब्दः; अव्ययवत्/अव्यय-प्रयोगः (indeclinable-like numeral), ‘forty’

Entities Mentioned

• treasury/stores administration (context)

More Details

FAQs

What is the administrative value of listing ‘forty methods’?

It frames corruption as systematic and inventive, prompting proactive controls, audits, and investigative checklists rather than reactive punishment alone.