Sutra 39
Devanagari script
चाररात्रिषु प्रच्छन्नविपरीतवेषाः प्रव्रजिता दण्डशस्त्रहस्ताश्च मनुष्या दोषतो दण्ड्याः ॥ कZ_०२.३६.३९ ॥
Transliteration
cārarātriṣu pracchannaviparītaveṣāḥ pravrajitā daṇḍaśastrahastāś ca manuṣyā doṣato daṇḍyāḥ.
Translation
Lors des nuits de surveillance/patrouille renforcée (cāra-rātriṣu), les personnes en déguisement dissimulé ou trompeur, les mendiants errants et celles qui portent des bâtons ou des armes sont punissables selon la gravité de leur conduite.
Word by Word
चाररात्रिषुduring the four-night period(s)
चाररात्रिषु:
TypeNoun
Rootचाररात्रि
Formपुंलिङ्ग; सप्तमी-बहुवचन; (चार-रात्रि) ‘चाररात्रि’ इति समासान्त-प्रातिपदिकम्
प्रच्छन्नविपरीतवेषाः(persons) with concealed and deceptive disguises
प्रच्छन्नविपरीतवेषाः:
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootप्रच्छन्न-विपरीत-वेष
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-बहुवचन; (प्रच्छन्नः + विपरीतः + वेषः) — ‘having a concealed/false disguise’
प्रव्रजिताःrenunciants / wandering mendicants
प्रव्रजिताः:
TypeParticiple (verbal adjective)
Rootप्र-√व्रज्
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-बहुवचन; ‘gone forth/renunciants’ (प्रव्रजित-शब्दः)
दण्डशस्त्रहस्ताः(persons) holding a staff and weapons
दण्डशस्त्रहस्ताः:
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootदण्ड-शस्त्र-हस्त
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-बहुवचन; (दण्ड + शस्त्र + हस्त) ‘having hands (holding) staff and weapon’
चand
च:
TypeParticle
Rootच
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय
मनुष्याःpeople / persons
मनुष्याः:
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-बहुवचन
दोषतःon account of (their) offence / as guilty
दोषतः:
TypeNoun (adverbial ablative)
Rootदोष
Formपुंलिङ्ग; पञ्चमी-एकवचन; अव्ययीभावार्थे ‘दोषतः’ = ‘दोषकारणात्/दोषवशात्’
दण्ड्याःare to be punished / punishable
दण्ड्याः:
TypeAdjective (gerundive; to be punished)
Rootदण्ड्य
Formकृत्य-प्रत्यय (यत्/ण्यत्-भाव); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-बहुवचन; ‘punishable’
Entities Mentioned
S
spies/patrol system (cāra)M
mendicants/ascetics (pravrajita)FAQs
The text targets concealment/deceptive disguise and armed roaming under heightened security; punishment is calibrated to the proven misconduct (doṣataḥ).
Preventive security during high-risk windows, focusing on indicators (disguise, arms, suspicious movement) rather than waiting for harm.