Shloka 21

मानवसर्गः, चातुर्वर्ण्य-गुणकर्म, यज्ञ-प्रतिपादनम्, आश्रमधर्म-फल, नरकवर्णनम्

Devanagari script

व्रीहयश् च यवाश् चैव गोधूमा अणवस् तिलाः प्रियंगवो ह्य् उदाराश् च कोरदूषाः सतीनकाः

Transliteration

vrīhayaś ca yavāś caiva godhūmā aṇavas tilāḥ priyaṃgavo hy udārāś ca koradūṣāḥ satīnakāḥ

Translation

Arroz y cebada, trigo, mijo (aṇu) y sésamo; junto con priyaṅgu, el nutritivo grano udāra, koradūṣa y satīnaka: éstos se cuentan entre los cultivos que sostienen a los seres en el mundo ordenado.

Word by Word

• व्रीहयः: rice grains
• व्रीहयः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्रीहि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन — Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Conjunction/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चय-बोधक — conjunction

• यवाः: barley
• यवाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन — Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Conjunction/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चय-बोधक — conjunction

• एव: indeed, also
• एव: Nipata (Particle/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, अवधारण — indeclinable particle (emphasis)

• गोधूमाः: wheat
• गोधूमाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोधूम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन — Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• अणवः: aṇava-grain (a kind of millet/pulse)
• अणवः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अणु/अणव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन — Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• तिलाः: sesame seeds
• तिलाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तिल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन — Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• प्रियंगवः: priyaṅgu grain
• प्रियंगवः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रियङ्गु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन — Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• हि: indeed
• हि: Nipata (Particle/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, निपात (कारण/अवधारण) — particle (‘indeed/for’)

• उदाराः: excellent, abundant
• उदाराः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उदार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन — Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Conjunction/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चय — conjunction

• कोरदूषाः: koradūṣa grain (a kind of cereal)
• कोरदूषाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कोरदूष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन — Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सतीनकाः: satīnaka grain (a kind of cereal)
• सतीनकाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सतीनक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन — Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

Sage Parāśara (to Maitreya)

FAQs

What is the significance of listing grains in the Vishnu Purana?

The verse frames staple crops as instruments of sustenance within a divinely ordered world, showing how material resources participate in maintaining life and dharma.

How does Sage Parāśara explain the world’s maintenance in this context?

By enumerating essential produce, Parāśara emphasizes that the earth’s provisions are structured and knowable—part of the broader cosmic arrangement that supports beings and society.

What is the theological importance of Lord Vishnu in this context?

Even when Vishnu is not named, the Purana’s premise is that the stability of the world—including food and livelihood—rests on the Supreme Reality who upholds creation and its sustaining order.