को वा भवाब्धौ पततस्तारयिष्यति संगतान् । न कलौ संभवस्तस्य त्रियुगो मधुसूदनः । तं विना पुंडरीकाक्षं कथं स्याम कलौ युगे
ko vā bhavābdhau patatastārayiṣyati saṃgatān | na kalau saṃbhavastasya triyugo madhusūdanaḥ | taṃ vinā puṃḍarīkākṣaṃ kathaṃ syāma kalau yuge
¿Quién, entonces, nos hará cruzar—caídos juntos en el océano del devenir? En Kali no hay descenso manifiesto de Madhusūdana, que aparece en tres edades. Sin ese Señor de ojos de loto, ¿cómo podremos sostenernos en la era de Kali?
One of the assembled sages (lament in council; specific speaker not named)
Tirtha: Dvārakā (implied)
Type: kshetra
Scene: Sages gaze toward a vast ocean symbolizing saṃsāra; waves dark and high, their faces anxious; above, a faint, distant lotus-eyed Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa form appears like a memory, emphasizing avatāra-viraha in Kali.
It expresses human helplessness in saṃsāra and the need for divine grace, especially when dharma is weak in Kali-yuga.
The verse is theological; within Dvārakā-māhātmya it prepares the ground for seeking Viṣṇu’s saving presence tied to Dvārakā’s sanctity.
None directly; the focus is on deliverance and divine availability in Kali-yuga.