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Rig Veda 5.45.2 — Mandala 5, Sukta 45, Mantra 2

Sukta 5.45

Rishi: Atri Bhauma
Devata: Sūrya (with associated ‘Mother of cows’ imagery: dawn/earth/illumination-source)
Chandas: Trishtubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

वि सूर्यो अमतिं न श्रियं सादोर्वाद्गवां माता जानती गात् । धन्वर्णसो नद्यः खादोअर्णाः स्थूणेव सुमिता दृंहत द्यौः ॥

Transliteration

ví sū́ryo amatíṃ ná śríyaṃ sādór vā́d gavā́ṃ mātā́ jānatī́ gāt | dhánvārṇaso nadyàḥ khā́dorṇāḥ sthū́ṇeva sumitā́ dṛṃhata dyáuḥ ||

Translation

Sūrya despliega el esplendor como quien disipa el extravío; desde la morada sale la Madre de las vacas, conocedora. Como ríos de anchas aguas, como cauces de corrientes impetuosas, el Cielo queda afianzado, cual pilar bien asentado.

Word by Word
विapart, forth, widely
वि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (upasarga)
सूर्यःthe Sun
सूर्यः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
अमतिम्lack of thought; folly
अमतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअ-मति (प्रातिपदिक)
नlike, as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निपात)
श्रियम्splendour; fortune
श्रियम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्री (प्रातिपदिक)
सादोःof the seat/sitting-place; of the settlement
सादोः:
Sambandha (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootसादु/साद (प्रातिपदिक; RV form)
वात्from the wind
वात्:
Apādāna
TypeNoun
Rootवात (प्रातिपदिक)
गवाम्of the cows
गवाम्:
Sambandha (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
माताmother
माता:
Kartā (in apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
जानतीknowing; aware
जानती:
Kartā (qualifier)
TypeAdjective/Participle
Root√ज्ञा (धातु) → जानत् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
गात्went; came
गात्:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√गा (धातु)
धन्वर्णसःthose of bow-like/arched appearance; (epithet of waters/streams)
धन्वर्णसः:
Kartā (new clause subject)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootधन्वर्णस् (प्रातिपदिक; RV compound)
नद्यःrivers
नद्यः:
Kartā (apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootनदी (प्रातिपदिक)
खादःchannels; clefts; ‘eaters’ (i.e., eroding streams)
खादः:
Kartā (apposition/epithet)
TypeNoun
Rootखाद (प्रातिपदिक)
अर्णाःfloods; waves; waters
अर्णाः:
Kartā (apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootअर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
स्थूणाa pillar; post
स्थूणा:
Kartā (in simile)
TypeNoun
Rootस्थूणा (प्रातिपदिक)
इवlike, as
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (निपात)
सुमिताwell-measured; well-built
सुमिता:
Kartā (qualifier)
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootसु-√मा (धातु) → मित (कृदन्त) / सुमित (प्रातिपदिक)
दृंहतmakes firm; strengthens
दृंहत:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√दृंह् (धातु)
द्यौःHeaven; the Sky
द्यौः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootद्यौ (प्रातिपदिक)
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