Rig Veda 10.77.3: Mandala 10, Sukta 77, Mantra 3

Sukta 10.77

Devata: Maruts

Chandas: Trishtubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

प्र ये दिवः पृथिव्या न बर्हणा त्मना रिरिच्रे अभ्रान्न सूर्यः । पाजस्वन्तो न वीराः पनस्यवो रिशादसो न मर्या अभिद्यवः ॥

Transliteration

prá ye diváḥ pṛthivyā́ ná barháṇā tmánā riricré abhrā́n ná sū́ryaḥ | pā́jasvanto ná vīrā́ḥ panasyávo riśā́daso ná maryā́ abhí-dyavaḥ ||

Translation

Irrumpen desde el cielo y la tierra como un oleaje que se hincha; por su propio ser se dilatan, como el sol desde las nubes. Radiantes como héroes, ansiosos del premio de la perfección, devoradores de resistencia como jóvenes guerreros, avanzan con ímpetu hacia la luz.

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Word by Word

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (upasarga)

• ये: who (those who)
• ये: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• दिवः: of heaven, from the sky
• दिवः: Apādāna (source, ‘from/of heaven’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्यौ/दिव् (prātipadika: दिव्/द्यौः)

• पृथिव्याः: of the earth
• पृथिव्याः: Apādāna (source, ‘from/of earth’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृथिवी (prātipadika)

• न: like, as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (particle)

• बर्हणाः: the great ones, the strong/lofty ones
• बर्हणाः: Kartā (in apposition to ‘ये’)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: बर्हण (prātipadika; from √बृंह्/√बर्ह् ‘to make great, strengthen’)

• त्मना: by themselves, by their own power
• त्मना: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्मन् (prātipadika)

• रिरिच्रे: have left behind / have become free (of)
• रिरिच्रे: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √रिच् (riñc) ‘to empty out; to leave; to be free from’

• अभ्रान्: clouds
• अभ्रान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अभ्र (prātipadika)

• न: like
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (particle)

• सूर्यः: the Sun
• सूर्यः: Kartā (of implied comparison: ‘as the sun [does]’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य (prātipadika)

• पाजस्वन्तः: possessing might/brilliance
• पाजस्वन्तः: Kartā (in apposition to ‘ये’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पाजस् (prātipadika ‘strength, might, brilliance’) + -वत्

• न: like
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (particle)

• वीराः: heroes, warriors
• वीराः: Kartā (apposition) / upamāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर (prātipadika)

• पनस्यवः: eager, desirous (of gain/praise)
• पनस्यवः: Kartā (apposition) / hetu-like qualifier
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पनस्यु (prātipadika; desiderative/possessive formation from √पन्/पण् ‘to admire, praise; to bargain’ → ‘seeking/liking’)

• रिशादसः: devourers of harm; destroyers of foes
• रिशादसः: Kartā (apposition)
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: रिशादस् (prātipadika; ‘harm-eater/devourer’: रिशा ‘injury’ + अदस् from √अद् ‘to eat’)

• न: like
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (particle)

• मर्याः: young men, champions
• मर्याः: Kartā (apposition) / upamāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: मर्य (prātipadika)

• अभिद्यवः: shining forth; assailing/attacking
• अभिद्यवः: Kartā (apposition)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अभिद्यु (prātipadika; from अभि- + √द्युत्/√द्यु ‘to shine, be bright’ → ‘shining forth/assailing’)