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Rig Veda 10.117.2: Mandala 10, Sukta 117, Mantra 2

Sukta 10.117

Devata: Didactic/ethical (Rita of generosity)
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; verification required)

य आध्राय चकमानाय पित्वोऽन्नवान्त्सन्रफितायोपजग्मुषे । स्थिरं मनः कृणुते सेवते पुरोतो चित्स मर्डितारं न विन्दते ॥

yá ā́dhrāya cakamānā́ya pitvó’nnavā́nt sán raphitā́yopajágmuṣe | sthiráṃ mánaḥ kṛṇuté sévate puróto cít sá marḍitā́raṃ ná vindate ||

Quien, teniendo alimento, endurece su mente contra el errante necesitado que llega buscando bebida y sustento—ése sirve sólo a su estrecho «frente»; y aun así no halla sanador, ni siquiera después.

यःwho (he who)
यः:
कर्तृ (सम्बन्धवाचकः) / यः-सम्बन्धः
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
आध्रायto the needy/poor
आध्राय:
सम्प्रदान (to the needy)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootआध्र (प्रातिपदिक; ‘आ-ध्र’ = needy/poor) अथवा ‘आध्र’ (विशेषण)
चकमानायto the one who is begging/seeking
चकमानाय:
सम्प्रदान (to one who is seeking/asking)
TypeParticiple
Rootकम् (धातु) + चकमान (कृदन्त; desiderative/iterative sense ‘seeking/longing’)
पित्वःof food/nourishment
पित्वः:
सम्बन्ध (of nourishment/food)
TypeNoun
Rootपित्व (प्रातिपदिक; ‘food/drink, nourishment’)
अन्नवान्having food
अन्नवान्:
कर्तृ (he, being food-possessing)
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्नवत् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘having food’)
सन्being
सन्:
कर्तृ-विशेषण (being)
TypeParticiple
Rootअस् (धातु) → सन् (वर्तमान कृदन्त/अव्ययभाव)
रफितायto the destitute
रफिताय:
सम्प्रदान (to the destitute)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootरफित (प्रातिपदिक; ‘destitute/helpless’, Vedic) अथवा ‘रफि’ (poor) + त
उपजग्मुषेto one who has approached (for help)
उपजग्मुषे:
सम्प्रदान (to the one who has come up/approached)
TypeParticiple
Rootगम् (धातु) + उप (उपसर्ग) → उप-जग्मुस् (परिपूर्ण/परस्मैपद-परिप्रयोग; ‘having come near’)
स्थिरम्firm, steady
स्थिरम्:
कर्म (object-complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्थिर (प्रातिपदिक)
मनःmind
मनः:
कर्म (what is made)
TypeNoun
Rootमनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
कृणुतेmakes
कृणुते:
क्रिया (makes)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
सेवतेserves, attends
सेवते:
क्रिया (serves/attends)
TypeVerb
Rootसेव् (धातु; ‘to serve/attend’)
पुरःin front, before
पुरः:
अधिकरण (in front/before) / क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरस् (अव्यय/उपपद; ‘in front, before’)
उतalso, even
उत:
समुच्चय/अवधारण (also/even)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत (निपात)
चित्indeed, even
चित्:
अवधारण (indeed/even)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (निपात)
सःhe
सः:
कर्तृ (he)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
मर्डितारम्a helper/merciful one
मर्डितारम्:
कर्म (what is not found)
TypeNoun
Rootमर्डितृ (प्रातिपदिक; agent-noun from मृड्/मर्द् ‘to be gracious/merciful’, Vedic ‘helper/comforter’)
not
:
निषेध (negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निपात)
विन्दतेfinds, obtains
विन्दते:
क्रिया (finds)
TypeVerb
Rootविद्/विन्द् (धातु; ‘to find, obtain’)

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