Valmiki Ramayana 2.98.17: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 98, Shloka 17

चित्रकूटप्रवेशः

Bharata Enters the Forest Toward Chitrakuta

Devanagari script

तं दृष्ट्वा भरत श्रीमान्मुमोद सह बान्धवः।अत्र राम इति ज्ञात्वा गतः पारमिवाम्भसः।।2.98.17।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.98.17

Transliteration

taṃ dṛṣṭvā bharataḥ śrīmān mumoda saha bāndhavaḥ |

atra rāma iti jñātvā gataḥ pāram ivāmbhasaḥ ||2.98.17||

Translation

Al verlo, el ilustre Bharata se regocijó con sus parientes; al saber: «Rama está aquí», se sintió como quien, tras cruzar las aguas, ha alcanzado la otra orilla.

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Word by Word

• tam: that (sign)
• tam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; pronoun referring to dhvaja/smoke-sign

• dṛṣṭvā: having seen
• dṛṣṭvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dṛś (धातु)
• Form: Ktvā (क्त्वा) gerund/absolutive; ‘having seen’

• bharataḥ: Bharata
• bharataḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bharata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana

• śrīmān: illustrious
• śrīmān: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śrīmat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; adjective of bharataḥ

• mumoda: rejoiced
• mumoda: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: mud (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ (लिट्) perfect, Parasmaipada, Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana

• saha: together with
• saha: Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: saha (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; preposition-like particle governing instrumental (सह-योगे तृतीया)

• bāndhavaḥ: (his) kinsmen/relatives
• bāndhavaḥ: Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bāndhava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; collective ‘with relatives’ (sense: saha + implied instr. plural)

• atra: here
• atra: Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देशाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atra (अव्यय)
• Form: Deśa-avyaya (देशाव्यय)

• rāmaḥ: Rama
• rāmaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; in quoted thought/speech

• iti: thus, ‘(saying/thinking) that’
• iti: Vākyārtha-dyotaka (वाक्यार्थद्योतक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; quotative particle (इति-निपात)

• jñātvā: having known
• jñātvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: jñā (धातु)
• Form: Ktvā gerund; ‘having known/realized’

• gataḥ: (as if) reached
• gataḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: gam (धातु)
• Form: Kta (क्त) PPP used as past participle; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; predicate of bharataḥ

• pāram: the farther bank/shore
• pāram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• iva: as if, like
• iva: Upamā-dyotaka (उपमाद्योतक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; simile particle (उपमा-निपात)

• ambhasaḥ: of water
• ambhasaḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ambhas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग, Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana

Context

Having heard of Rama's hermitage on the Chitrakuta mountain inhabited by pious men, magnanimous Bharata, commanded his army to stay at a distance, and quickly proceeded with Guha.ityārṣē śrīmadrāmāyaṇē vālmīkīya ādikāvyē ayōdhyākāṇḍē aṣṭanavatitamassargaḥ৷৷Thus ends the ninetyeighth sarga in Ayodhyakanda of the holy Ramayana, the first epic composed by sage Valmiki.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Rama
• kinsmen/relatives (bāndhava)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is portrayed as relief through rightful reunion—Bharata’s joy signals his sincere intention to restore truth and righteousness regarding Rama’s kingship.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata recognizes signs of Rama’s presence (smoke from the hermitage) and is emotionally assured he has found him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharata’s sincerity and longing to do what is right (dharma-buddhi) are emphasized.