Valmiki Ramayana 2.75.36 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 75, Shloka 36

अयोध्याकाण्डे पञ्चसप्ततितमः सर्गः

Sarga 75: Bharata and Kausalya—Reproach, Oaths, and Reconciliation

Devanagari script

माऽत्मनस्सन्ततिं द्राक्षीत्स्वेषु दारेषु दुःखितः।आयुस्समग्रमप्राप्य यऽस्यार्योऽनुमते गतः।।।।

Transliteration

mā ’tmanaḥ santatiṃ drākṣīt sveṣu dāreṣu duḥkhitaḥ | āyuḥ samagram aprāpya yasyāryo ’numate gataḥ ||

Translation

Que el hombre por cuyo consentimiento fue desterrado mi noble hermano viva afligido y, sin alcanzar la plenitud de su vida, no llegue a ver su propia descendencia nacida de su esposa.

Word by Word

• mā: may not; do not
• mā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: mā (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय (prohibitive particle) used with optative

• ātmanaḥ: of himself; his own
• ātmanaḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• santatim: offspring; progeny
• santatim: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: santati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• drākṣīt: may he see
• drākṣīt: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dṛś (दृश्, धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ्-लकार (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; mā + optative = prohibitive sense

• sveṣu: in his own
• sveṣu: Adhikaraṇa-viśeṣaṇa (अधिकरणविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन; विशेषण of dāreṣu

• dāreṣu: in (his) wife/wives
• dāreṣu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (pluralia tantum), सप्तमी, बहुवचन

• duḥkhitaḥ: anguished
• duḥkhitaḥ: Kartṛviśeṣaṇa (कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: duḥkhita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण of implied saḥ

• āyuḥ: life-span
• āyuḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āyus (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (adverbial/extent)

• samagram: entire; full
• samagram: Karmaviśeṣaṇa (कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: samagra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण of āyuḥ

• aprāpya: without reaching/attaining
• aprāpya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: a-pra-āp (प्र-आप्, धातु) + ya (ल्यप्)
• Form: ल्यप्-अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund); ‘not having attained’

• yasya: whose
• yasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• āryaḥ: the noble one
• āryaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ārya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• anumate: with consent
• anumate: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anumati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• gataḥ: gone; exiled
• gataḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया/participial predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: gam (गम्, धातु) + ta (क्त)
• Form: क्त-कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Context

May the one who counselled the exile of my esteemed brother live an entire life of anguish without begetting children through his wife or without seeing his own children!

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Rāma

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Adharma that harms the righteous is imagined to rebound as personal sorrow and the collapse of one’s familial continuity—key supports of social dharma.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata intensifies the imprecation: the instigator should suffer enduring grief and the denial of descendants.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharata’s protective devotion to Rāma and his moral outrage at injustice done to the righteous.