Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 57, Shloka 28

सप्तपञ्चाशः सर्गः

Sumantra’s Return to Ayodhya and the Palace’s Lament

Devanagari script

सुमित्रया तु सहिता कौसल्या पतितं पतिम्।उत्थापयामास तदा वचनं चेदमब्रवीत्।।।।

Transliteration

sumitrayā tu sahitā kausalyā patitaṃ patim | utthāpayāmāsa tadā vacanaṃ cedam abravīt ||

Translation

Entonces Kausalya, sostenida por Sumitra, levantó a su esposo caído y pronunció estas palabras.

Word by Word

• सुमित्रया: with Sumitra
• सुमित्रया: Sahakāraka (सहकारी/सह-कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुमित्रा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण/सह), एकवचन; Instrumental singular

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), विरोध/अन्वयार्थे; emphatic/contrastive

• सहिता: accompanied (together)
• सहिता: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सहित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; adjective agreeing with कौसल्या

• कौसल्या: Kausalya
• कौसल्या: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौसल्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Nominative singular

• पतितम्: fallen
• पतितम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पतित (कृदन्त; √पत् (धातु))
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्यय (past passive participle), agreeing with पतिम् (sense: fallen)

• पतिम्: husband
• पतिम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Accusative singular

• उत्थापयामास: lifted up / raised
• उत्थापयामास: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उत्-√स्था + णिच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; causative sense (raised/caused to rise)

• तदा: then
• तदा: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time)

• वचनम्: words / speech
• वचनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वचन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Accusative singular

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; demonstrative pronoun

• अब्रवीत्: said
• अब्रवीत्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ब्रू (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Context

Having seen her husband collapsed on the ground, Kausalya assisted by Sumitra lifted him up and said to him thus:

Characters & Entities

• Kausalya
• Sumitra
• Dasharatha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Gṛhastha-dharma and compassion: in crisis, Kausalya and Sumitra respond with care and support rather than accusation.

What is the narrative situation?

After Dasharatha faints, Kausalya and Sumitra physically support him and Kausalya begins to address him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Kausalya’s steadfastness and Sumitra’s supportive solidarity in a moment of royal disaster.