Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 52, Shloka 66

गङ्गातरणम्, सुमन्त्र-प्रतिनिवर्तनम्, जटाधारणम्

Crossing the Gaṅgā; Sumantra’s Return; Adoption of Ascetic Signs

Devanagari script

नेदानीं गुह योग्योऽयं वासो मे सजने वने।आवश्यं ह्याश्रमे वासः कर्तव्यस्तद्गतो विधिः।।2.52.66।।

Transliteration

nedānīṃ guha yogyо ’yaṃ vāso me sa-jane vane |

āvaśyaṃ hy āśrame vāsaḥ kartavyas tad-gato vidhiḥ ||2.52.66||

Translation

«Guha, ahora no es digno para mí morar en este bosque frecuentado por la gente. Debo habitar en un āśrama, donde pueda observarse debidamente la disciplina prescrita de esa vida.»

Word by Word

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-निपात

• इदानीम्: now
• इदानीम्: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इदानीम् (अव्यय)
• Form: काल-अव्यय (time adverb)

• गुह: O Guha
• गुह: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• योग्यः: suitable
• योग्यः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: योग्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; predicate adjective of अयम् वासः

• अयम्: this
• अयम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• वासः: dwelling
• वासः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• मे: for me / my
• मे: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी, एकवचन

• सजने: in (the presence of) people
• सजने: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सजन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; 'among people'

• वने: in the forest
• वने: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• आवश्यम्: necessarily
• आवश्यम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आवश्य (प्रातिपदिक/अव्ययवत्)
• Form: अव्यय, निश्चयार्थक (certainly/necessarily)

• हि: indeed
• हि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात

• आश्रमे: in the hermitage
• आश्रमे: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आश्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• वासः: dwelling
• वासः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• कर्तव्यः: to be done / must be undertaken
• कर्तव्यः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृ (धातु) + तव्य (कृत्)
• Form: तव्यत् (gerundive), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; predicate 'must be done' (with वासः)

• तद्गतः: pertaining to that
• तद्गतः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् + गत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; 'gone to/pertaining to that (āśrama)' qualifies विधिः

• विधिः: prescribed rule
• विधिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विधि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Context

Guha! this forest where people live is not suitable for my stay. It is necessary that I live in a hermitage. So please do the needful.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Guha
• Ashrama (hermitage)
• Forest

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is adherence to the appropriate rule of life (vidhi): Rama insists that exile must be lived as disciplined hermitage-life, not as a comfortable stay among settlements.

What is the narrative situation?

Rama explains to Guha that he cannot remain in a populated forest area and must move to a hermitage to follow the proper observances of an exile-ascetic.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Integrity and self-restraint: Rama aligns his living conditions with his vow and the demanded discipline of forest-dwelling.