Valmiki Ramayana 2.47.4: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 47, Shloka 4

अयोध्यायाः पौरविलापः

Lament of the Citizens of Ayodhya on Rama’s Absence

Devanagari script

धिगस्तु खलु निद्रां तां ययाऽपहृतचेतसः।नाद्य पश्यामहे रामं पृथूरस्कं महाभुजम्।।।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.47.4

Transliteration

dhig astu khalu nidrāṃ tāṃ yayā ’pahṛtacetasaḥ | na adya paśyāmahe rāmaṃ pṛthūraskaṃ mahābhujam ||

Translation

¡Vergüenza de ese sueño que nos robó los sentidos! Hoy no podemos ver a Rāma, de ancho pecho y poderosos brazos.

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Word by Word

• dhik: fie! shame!
• dhik: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: dhik (अव्यय)
• Form: निन्दार्थक-अव्यय (indeclinable interjection of censure)

• astu: let it be
• astu: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: as (अस् धातु)
• Form: लोट् (imperative/benedictive sense), प्रथमपुरुषः (3rd person), एकवचनम्; परस्मैपदम्

• khalu: indeed
• khalu: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: khalu (अव्यय)
• Form: निपातः/अव्यय (particle of emphasis)

• nidrām: sleep
• nidrām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nidrā (निद्रा प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गः, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (accusative), एकवचनम्

• tām: that
• tām: Visheshana (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tad (तद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गः, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (demonstrative)

• yayā: by which
• yayā: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (यद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गः, तृतीया-विभक्तिः (instrumental), एकवचनम्; सम्बन्धे हेतौ/करणे (by which)

• apahṛtacetasaḥ: whose minds are stolen away
• apahṛtacetasaḥ: Visheshana (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: apahṛta (अप-हृ धातु, क्त-प्रत्यय) + cetas (चेतस् प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः: कर्मधारय/षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष-प्रायः (अपहृतं चेतः येषाम्); पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त विशेषणम्

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-निपातः (negation)

• adya: today/now
• adya: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: adya (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)

• paśyāmahe: we see
• paśyāmahe: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dṛś (दृश् धातु)
• Form: लट् (present), उत्तमपुरुषः (1st person), बहुवचनम्; आत्मनेपदम्

• rāmam: Rama
• rāmam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (राम प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• pṛthūraskam: broad-chested
• pṛthūraskam: Visheshana (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pṛthu (पृथु प्रातिपदिक) + uras (उरस् प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः: कर्मधारयः (पृथु उरः यस्य/पृथु-उरस्कः); पुंलिङ्गः, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; रामम् इति विशेषणम्

• mahābhujam: mighty-armed
• mahābhujam: Visheshana (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā (महा प्रातिपदिक) + bhuja (भुज प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः: कर्मधारयः (महान्तौ भुजौ यस्य); पुंलिङ्गः, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; रामम् इति विशेषणम्

Context

Anguished and drenched with tears of grief they looked hither and thither but could not find even a trace of Rama.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Ayodhyā (implied)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It warns against negligence: failing in vigilance can lead to irreversible loss, especially when one’s duty is to uphold and support dhārmic order.

What is the narrative situation?

The citizens reproach their own sleep/heedlessness as they realize Rāma has gone and they can no longer see him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s heroic strength is highlighted (broad-chested, mighty-armed), underscoring why his absence feels unbearable.