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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 40, Shloka 37

प्रयाणवर्णनम्

Departure from Ayodhya; Civic Lament and the Chariot’s Urgency

ततो हलहलाशब्दो जज्ञे रामस्य पृष्ठतः।नराणां प्रेक्ष्य राजानं सीदन्तं भृशदुःखितम्।।।।

tato halahalāśabdo jajñe rāmasya pṛṣṭhataḥ | narāṇāṃ prekṣya rājānaṃ sīdantaṃ bhṛśaduḥkhitam ||

Entonces, detrás de Rāma, se alzó un clamor tumultuoso entre los hombres al ver al rey desfallecer, oprimido por un dolor inmenso.

tataḥthen
tataḥ:
Adhikaraṇa (time)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottataḥ (अव्यय)
Formकाल/अनन्तरवाचक-अव्यय (then/thereupon)
halahalāśabdaḥa ‘halahalā’ roar (tumult)
halahalāśabdaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roothalahalā (ध्वन्यनुकरण/प्रातिपदिक) + śabda (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
jajñearose
jajñe:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootjan (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
rāmasyaof Rama
rāmasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootrāma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन
pṛṣṭhataḥfrom behind
pṛṣṭhataḥ:
Adhikaraṇa (place)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpṛṣṭhatas (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
Formदेशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of place)
narāṇāmof the men
narāṇām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/agent-group)
TypeNoun
Rootnara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन
prekṣyahaving seen
prekṣya:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra + īkṣ (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययभाव (gerund), ‘प्रेक्ष्य’ = having seen
rājānamthe king
rājānam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
sīdantamsinking, drooping
sīdantam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsad (धातु) + śatṛ (शतृ)
Formशतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकाले कृदन्त (present participle), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (of rājānam)
bhṛśaduḥkhitamdeeply grieved
bhṛśaduḥkhitam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhṛśa (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + duḥkhita (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (of rājānam)

When the people saw the king enfeebled by deep grief, they raised an uproar behind Rama's (chariot).

R
Rāma
D
Daśaratha (implied: rājā)

FAQs

Dharma’s impact is communal: the king’s suffering is not private but shared by society, reminding that ethical decisions in leadership reverberate through the people.

As Rāma proceeds, the people notice Daśaratha collapsing in grief and respond with a loud collective outcry.

The people’s loyalty and concern for both Rāma and their king, reflecting social cohesion around dharmic ideals.