Shloka 39

Devanagari script

वत्स राम चिरं जीव हतास्ते परिपन्थिनः।ज्ञातीन्मे त्वं श्रिया युक्त स्सुमित्रायाश्च नन्दय।।2.4.39।।

Transliteration

vatsa rāma ciraṃ jīva hatās te paripanthinaḥ | jñātīn me tvaṃ śriyā yuktaḥ sumitrāyāś ca nandaya || 2.4.39 ||

Translation

«Hijo mío, Rama, vive largo tiempo; sean destruidos tus enemigos. Dotado de real prosperidad, alegra a mis parientes y también a los de Sumitrā.»

Word by Word

• वत्स: O child
• वत्स: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वत्स (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8), एकवचन; vocative

• राम: O Rama
• राम: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8), एकवचन; vocative

• चिरम्: for a long time
• चिरम्: Kala-adhikarana (काल-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चिरम् (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb)

• जीव: live
• जीव: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: जीव् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (आज्ञार्थ), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; imperative ‘live’

• हताः: destroyed
• हताः: Karta (कर्ता) (of implied ‘are’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हन् (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त/PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), बहुवचन; predicate participle

• ते: your
• ते: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन; genitive ‘your’

• परिपन्थिनः: enemies/obstructors
• परिपन्थिनः: Karta (कर्ता) (of implied ‘are’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परिपन्थिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), बहुवचन; nominative plural

• ज्ञातीन्: kinsmen/relatives
• ज्ञातीन्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्ञाति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2/कर्म), बहुवचन; accusative plural

• मे: my
• मे: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन; genitive ‘my’

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (1/कर्ता), एकवचन; nominative ‘you’

• श्रिया: with prosperity
• श्रिया: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्री (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3/करण), एकवचन; instrumental ‘with prosperity’

• युक्तः: endowed
• युक्तः: Karta (कर्ता) (apposition to tvam)
• Type: Verb
• Root: युज् (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त/PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; ‘endowed/connected’

• सुमित्रायाः: of Sumitra
• सुमित्रायाः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुमित्रा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन; genitive ‘of Sumitra’

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• नन्दय: gladden
• नन्दय: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नन्द् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (आज्ञार्थ), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; causative sense ‘gladden’

Context

In obedience to the command of the king charioteer Sumantra set out speedily to the palace of Rama to fetch him back once again.

Characters & Entities

• Kausalya
• Rama
• Sumitra

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

A ruler’s dharma includes protecting society from hostile forces and fostering the welfare and happiness of all family lines and dependents.

What is the narrative situation?

Kausalya, overwhelmed with joy, blesses Rama as he is about to be installed, wishing him long life and successful rule.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Benevolent kingship (rāja-dharma) and familial harmony across the royal household.