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Shloka 18

The Episode Leading to Vena: Aṅga Learns the Cause of Indra’s Sovereignty

आकर्ण्य वाक्यं परमार्थयुक्तमुक्तं महात्मा ऋषिणा हि तेन । संगृह्य तत्त्वं वचनस्य तस्य प्रणम्य तं शाश्वतमभ्ययात्सः

ākarṇya vākyaṃ paramārthayuktamuktaṃ mahātmā ṛṣiṇā hi tena | saṃgṛhya tattvaṃ vacanasya tasya praṇamya taṃ śāśvatamabhyayātsaḥ

Al oír aquellas palabras, pronunciadas por el ṛṣi magnánimo y colmadas de la verdad suprema, el noble comprendió su esencia; y, postrándose ante el sabio eterno, se retiró.

आकर्ण्यhaving heard
आकर्ण्य:
Purvakala-kriya (Prior action/पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-कर्त्/कर्ण् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययकृदन्तः; ‘having heard’
वाक्यम्statement; speech
वाक्यम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवाक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गम्, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्
परमार्थयुक्तम्connected with the highest truth
परमार्थयुक्तम्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपरमार्थ (प्रातिपदिक) + युक्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, युज् धातोः)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गम्, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; तत्पुरुषः (परमार्थेन युक्तम्)
उक्तम्spoken
उक्तम्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootवच् (धातु) → उक्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formक्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्गम्, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; वाक्यस्य विशेषणम्
महात्माthe great-souled one
महात्मा:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमहात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्
ऋषिणाby the sage
ऋषिणा:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गम्, तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचनम्
हिindeed
हि:
Sambandha (Discourse particle/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formनिपातः (indeed)
तेनby him
तेन:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गम्, तृतीया, एकवचनम्; ‘by him/that’ (ऋषिणा इत्यस्य सहार्थकः)
संगृह्यhaving grasped
संगृह्य:
Purvakala-kriya (Prior action/पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-ग्रह् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive), अव्ययकृदन्तः; ‘having grasped/collected’
तत्त्वम्the essence; truth
तत्त्वम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतत्त्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गम्, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्
वचनस्यof the words/speech
वचनस्य:
Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootवचन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गम्, षष्ठी, एकवचनम्
तस्यof that
तस्य:
Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसकलिङ्गे, षष्ठी, एकवचनम्
प्रणम्यhaving bowed
प्रणम्य:
Purvakala-kriya (Prior action/पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-नम् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive), अव्ययकृदन्तः; ‘having bowed’
तम्to him
तम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गम्, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्
शाश्वतम्eternal
शाश्वतम्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootशाश्वत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गम्, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; ‘eternal’ (तम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
अभ्ययात्went towards; approached
अभ्ययात्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-या (धातु)
Formलङ् (अनद्यतनभूतः/Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; परस्मैपदम्
सःhe
सः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्

Narrator (contextual; the verse describes a response to a sage's teaching)

Concept: True teaching is to be heard, grasped in essence (tattva), honored through pranāma, and then enacted.

Application: After receiving guidance (scripture, teacher, elders), summarize the essence, bow inwardly (humility), and take one concrete step immediately.

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A noble king listens with folded hands as a luminous sage finishes speaking; the king’s face shows the moment of inner ‘click’—the essence understood. He then bows low, touching the sage’s feet, and rises to depart along a forest path, carrying the teaching like a lamp within.","primary_figures":["sage (ṛṣi)","noble king/devotee (mahātmā)"],"setting":"Hermitage with kusa grass seats, a small fire altar, and quiet trees; a path leading outward to suggest the next pilgrimage or worship act.","lighting_mood":"forest dappled","color_palette":["earth brown","leaf green","ochre","smoke gray","soft gold"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: sage seated on an ornate platform with gold leaf halo, king bowing in pranāma, hermitage details with stylized trees, rich reds and greens, embossed gold borders and jewelry accents, a small sacred fire rendered with gold highlights.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: tranquil hermitage scene, delicate brushwork on foliage, refined expressions, the king mid-pranāma, a winding path leading away, cool greens and warm ochres, lyrical stillness.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: bold outlines, sage and king in iconic poses of teaching and reverence, temple-wall aesthetic with red/yellow/green pigments, stylized trees and fire altar, symmetrical framing.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: devotional vignette framed by floral borders, lotus motifs around the sage, deep blue or maroon ground, the king in añjali and pranāma, intricate patterns suggesting sacred instruction as ornament."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"meditative","suggested_raga":"Bhupali","pace":"slow-meditative","voice_tone":"serene","sound_elements":["silence","crackling fire","distant birds","soft footfalls"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: परमार्थयुक्तम् + उक्तम् → परमार्थयुक्तमुक्तम्; शाश्वतम् + अभ्ययात् → शाश्वतमभ्ययात्; अभ्ययात्सः = अभ्ययात् + सः

FAQs

It highlights the ideal response to spiritual instruction: listen attentively, grasp the essential truth (tattva), and show reverence to the teacher before moving on.

The verse is narrated in third person: a “mahātmā” hears a sage’s truth-filled teaching. The specific identities depend on the surrounding chapter context, which is not provided in the snippet.

It emphasizes humility, discernment, and gratitude—receiving wise counsel with understanding rather than mere hearing, and honoring the source of that counsel.