Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 9

Tithi-Nirṇaya for Vratas: Ekādaśī Rules, Saṅkrānti Punya-kāla, Eclipse Observances, and Prāyaścitta

Devanagari script

मुहूर्तद्वितयं ग्राह्यं भगवत्युदिते रवौ । प्रदोषव्यापिनी ग्राह्या तिथिर्नक्तव्रते सदा ॥ ९ ॥

Transliteration

muhūrtadvitayaṃ grāhyaṃ bhagavatyudite ravau | pradoṣavyāpinī grāhyā tithirnaktavrate sadā || 9 ||

Translation

Cuando ha salido el Sol divino, deben tomarse dos muhūrtas como el período apropiado. Y para el voto nocturno (naktavrata), ha de aceptarse siempre la tithi que se extiende hasta pradoṣa, el crepúsculo del anochecer.

Word by Word

• muhūrta-dvitayam: a period of two muhūrtas
• muhūrta-dvitayam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: muhūrta + dvitaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Samāsa: dvigu (द्विगु; 'two muhūrtas'); Napuṃsakaliṅga, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• grāhyam: should be taken
• grāhyam: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √grah (धातु) + यत् (कृत्)
• Form: Kṛtya (gerundive), Napuṃsakaliṅga, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; विधेय

• bhagavati: when the Lord (Sun)
• bhagavati: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhagavat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Saptamī vibhakti, Ekavacana; अधिकरण (locative: 'when the Lord...')

• udite: having risen
• udite: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: udita (प्रातिपदिक; √ud-i (धातु) से क्त)
• Form: Kta-participle (क्त), Puṃliṅga/Napuṃsakaliṅga, Saptamī vibhakti, Ekavacana; 'having risen'

• ravau: in the sun / when the sun (is up)
• ravau: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ravi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Saptamī vibhakti, Ekavacana; अधिकरण (locative: 'in/at the sun')

• pradoṣa-vyāpinī: spanning the pradoṣa time
• pradoṣa-vyāpinī: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pradoṣa + vyāpinī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Samāsa: tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष; 'pervading pradoṣa'); Strīliṅga, Prathamā vibhakti, Ekavacana; विशेषण

• grāhyā: should be taken
• grāhyā: Kriyā (क्रिया/विधेय)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √grah (धातु) + यत् (कृत्)
• Form: Kṛtya (gerundive), Strīliṅga, Prathamā vibhakti, Ekavacana; विधेय

• tithiḥ: the tithi
• tithiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tithi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Prathamā vibhakti, Ekavacana

• nakta-vrate: in the night-vow (observance)
• nakta-vrate: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nakta + vrata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Samāsa: tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष; 'night-vow'); Napuṃsakaliṅga, Saptamī vibhakti, Ekavacana; अधिकरण

• sadā: always
• sadā: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sadā (अव्यय)
• Form: Kāla-avyaya (काल-अव्यय; adverb of time)

Speaker

Narada (teaching ritual timing principles; vrata-kāla)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: naktavrata

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

Characters & Entities

• Surya

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It teaches that dharma is protected by correct observance of time—choosing the proper muhūrta and the tithi that truly ‘connects’ with pradoṣa ensures the vow is performed in its intended sacred window.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Bhakti is expressed through disciplined worship; by observing vows at the correct ritual times (sunrise measures and pradoṣa-linked tithi), the devotee offers worship with attentiveness and scriptural fidelity.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Vedāṅga-oriented timekeeping—especially kalā/muhūrta measurement and tithi-vyāpti (tithi’s extension into pradoṣa), a core principle used in ritual calendars and traditional jyotiṣa-based vrata decisions.