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Shloka 14

Adhyāya 240: Indriya–Manas–Buddhi–Ātman — The Inner Hierarchy and Restraint (इन्द्रिय-मनस्-बुद्धि-आत्म-क्रमः)

मनसश्रेन्द्रियाणां च कृत्वैकाग्र्यं समाहित: । पूर्वरात्रापरार्ध च धारयेन्मन आत्मनि,सत्त्वसंसेवनाद धीरो निद्रामुच्छेत्तुमरहति । विद्वानोंने योगके जो काम, क्रोध, लोभ, भय और पाँचवाँ स्वप्र--ये पाँच दोष बताये हैं उनका पूर्णतया उच्छेद करे। इनमेंसे क्रोधको शम (मनोनिग्रह) के द्वारा जीते, कामको संकल्पके त्यागद्वारा पराजित करे तथा धीर पुरुष सत्वगुणका सेवन करनेसे निद्राका उच्छेद कर सकता है

manasaś cendriyāṇāṃ ca kṛtvaikāgryaṃ samāhitaḥ | pūrvarātrāparārdhaṃ ca dhārayen mana ātmany, sattvasaṃsevanād dhīro nidrām ucchettum arhati | vidvān yogake yo kāma-krodha-lobha-bhayaṃ ca pañcamaṃ svapnam—ime pañca doṣān āhuḥ, teṣāṃ pūrṇatayā ucchedaṃ kuryāt | imeṣu krodhaṃ śamena (manonigraheṇa) jayet, kāmaṃ saṅkalpatyāgena parājayet, tathā dhīraḥ sattvaguṇasaṃsevanena nidrāyā ucchedaṃ kartum śaknoti |

Dijo Vyāsa: Habiendo reunido la mente y los sentidos en una firme concentración de un solo punto, el buscador disciplinado debe sostener la mente en el Sí mismo durante la segunda mitad de la noche y en las horas previas al alba. Al cultivar sattva (claridad y equilibrio), el hombre constante se vuelve apto para cortar el sueño. Los sabios, en la disciplina del yoga, hablan de cinco faltas—deseo, ira, codicia, miedo y sueño/ensoñación—que deben ser arrancadas de raíz. Entre ellas, la ira se vence con la calma y el dominio de la mente; el deseo se supera abandonando la intención y el propósito compulsivos; y, mediante una adhesión sostenida a sattva, el resuelto puede disipar el peso del sopor.

मनसःof the mind
मनसः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
श्रेन्द्रियाणाम्of the chief senses
श्रेन्द्रियाणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootश्रेन्द्रिय (श्रेष्ठेन्द्रिय)
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कृत्वाhaving made
कृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive)
एकाग्र्यम्one-pointedness, concentration
एकाग्र्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootएकाग्र्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
समाहितःcollected, composed
समाहितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसमाहित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
पूर्वरात्रापरार्धेin the latter half of the first part of the night
पूर्वरात्रापरार्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपूर्वरात्रापरार्ध
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
धारयेत्should hold, should maintain
धारयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootधृ
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
मनःthe mind
मनः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आत्मनिin the self
आत्मनि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
सत्त्वसंसेवनात्from/through the practice of sattva (purity)
सत्त्वसंसेवनात्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसत्त्वसंसेवन
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
धीरःthe steadfast (man)
धीरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधीर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निद्राम्sleep
निद्राम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिद्रा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
उच्छेत्तुम्to cut off, to remove
उच्छेत्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-छिद्
Formतुमुन् (infinitive)
अर्हतिis able/fit, deserves
अर्हति:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches yogic self-discipline: collect mind and senses into one-pointed concentration, practice especially in the late-night/pre-dawn hours, cultivate sattva, and uproot five obstacles—desire, anger, greed, fear, and sleep/dreaming—by specific remedies such as śama (mental restraint) for anger and saṅkalpa-tyāga (abandoning compulsive resolve) for desire.

In the Śānti Parva’s instructional discourse, Vyāsa is giving practical guidance on inner training and meditation, describing when and how to steady the mind and listing common psychological obstacles that a practitioner must eliminate.