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Shloka 17

शल्यपरिघातः (Śalya Under Encirclement) — Mahābhārata, Śalya-parva, Adhyāya 12

तथा भीमगदावेगैस्ताड्यमानो मुहुर्मुहुः । शल्यो न विव्यथे राजन्‌ दन्तिनेव महागिरि:

tathā bhīmagadāvegais tāḍyamāno muhur muhuḥ | śalyo na vivyathe rājan dantineva mahāgiriḥ ||

Dijo Sañjaya: Aunque era golpeado una y otra vez por el furioso ímpetu de la maza de Bhīma, Śalya no se inmutó, oh Rey—permaneciendo inmóvil como una gran montaña acometida por un elefante.

तथाthus, in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
भीमगदावेगैःby the force/impetus of Bhima's mace
भीमगदावेगैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभीमगदावेग
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
ताड्यमानःbeing struck
ताड्यमानः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootताड्
Formशानच् (present passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Passive
मुहुःagain and again, repeatedly
मुहुः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमुहुः
मुहुःagain and again, repeatedly
मुहुः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमुहुः
शल्यःShalya
शल्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशल्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विव्यथेwas pained, trembled, was distressed
विव्यथे:
TypeVerb
Rootव्यथ्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Parasmaipada, 3rd, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
दन्तिनाby an elephant
दन्तिना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदन्तिन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
महागिरिःa great mountain
महागिरिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहागिरि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
Ś
Śalya
B
Bhīma
G
gadā (mace)
M
mahāgiri (great mountain)
D
dantin (elephant)
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'rājan')

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores steadfastness under pressure: a warrior’s discipline is shown not merely in striking, but in remaining composed and unshaken when repeatedly struck. In the ethical atmosphere of the Mahābhārata’s war, such endurance is portrayed as a hallmark of kṣatriya conduct, even amid a conflict fraught with moral complexity.

Sañjaya describes a combat moment where Bhīma repeatedly lands heavy mace-blows upon Śalya. Despite the repeated impacts, Śalya does not waver; he is compared to a great mountain that remains unmoved even when an elephant attacks it.