Adhyakshaprachara Adhyaya 36 Sutra 35 - Arthashastra | Spanish | Vedapath

Kautilya

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Sutra 35

Devanagari script

तूर्यशब्दे राज्ञो गृहाभ्याशे सपादपणं अक्षणताडनं प्रथमपश्चिमयामिकं मध्यमयामिकं द्विगुणमन्तश्चतुर्गुणम् ॥ कZ_०२.३६.३५ ॥

Transliteration

tūryaśabde rājño gṛhābhyāśe sapādapaṇaṃ akṣaṇatāḍanaṃ prathamapaścimayāmikaṃ madhyamayāmikaṃ dviguṇam antaś caturguṇam.

Translation

Al oírse el instrumento de alarma (tūrya) en las inmediaciones de la residencia del rey, la multa es de un paṇa y un cuarto; por golpear (a otro) sin causar lesión, la multa se gradúa por guardia: en la primera y la última guardia es la cantidad base, en la guardia media es el doble, y dentro (la zona interior/más restringida) es el cuádruple.

Word by Word

तूर्य-शब्देwhen there is the sound of musical instruments (drum/pipe etc.)

राज्ञःof the king

गृह-अभ्याशेin the vicinity of the (king’s) residence

स-पाद-पणम्a fine of one and a quarter paṇa

अक्षण-ताडनम्‘akṣaṇa-tāḍana’—a specified punitive beating/striking penalty (a technical punishment term)

प्रथम-पश्चिम-यामिकम्(penalty) for the first ‘western’ watch/portion of the night (a time-slot category)

मध्यम-यामिकम्(penalty) for the middle watch of the night

द्वि-गुणम्double (the fine/penalty)

अन्तःat the end / in the last period

चतुḥ-गुणम्fourfold (the fine/penalty)

Entities Mentioned

king (rājā)

guards/night watch (implied)

FAQs

Why are penalties higher in the middle watch and inside restricted areas?

Kauṭilya treats those times/locations as higher-risk for burglary, assassination, and panic; deterrence is increased by multiplying fines.

What administrative idea is embedded here?

Risk-weighted policing: punishments scale with threat level (time, proximity to sovereign, and restricted zones).