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Shloka 51

कलिस्वरूप-वर्णनम् एवं कालमान-प्रस्तावना

स्वल्पाम्बुवृष्टिः पर्जन्यः सस्यं स्वल्पफलं तथा फलं तथाल्पसारं च विप्र प्राप्ते कलौ युगे

svalpāmbuvṛṣṭiḥ parjanyaḥ sasyaṃ svalpaphalaṃ tathā phalaṃ tathālpasāraṃ ca vipra prāpte kalau yuge

O brāhmaṇa, when the age of Kali arrives, the rains will be scant, the crops will yield little, and even the fruits that appear will be meagre in essence—poor in nourishment and sustaining power.

svalpa-ambu-vṛṣṭiḥscant rainfall
svalpa-ambu-vṛṣṭiḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsvalpa-ambu-vṛṣṭi (प्रातिपदिक; स्वल्प + अम्बु + वृष्टि)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; समासः तत्पुरुषः (स्वल्पम् अम्बु यस्याः सा वृष्टिः / स्वल्पाम्बो वृष्टिः)
parjanyaḥrain-cloud, rain-god (rain)
parjanyaḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootparjanya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
sasyamcrop, grain
sasyam:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsasya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
svalpaphalamhaving little yield
svalpaphalam:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsvalpa-phala (प्रातिपदिक; स्वल्प + फल)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; समासः कर्मधारयः (स्वल्पं फलम्)
tathāalso, likewise
tathā:
Sambandha (Discourse/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय/प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (also/likewise)
phalamfruit
phalam:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootphala (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
tathāand likewise
tathā:
Sambandha (Discourse/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय/प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय
alpasāramof little essence/nutrition
alpasāram:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootalpa-sāra (प्रातिपदिक; अल्प + सार)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; समासः कर्मधारयः (अल्पः सारः)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (Discourse/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
vipraO Brahmin
vipra:
Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootvipra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन
prāptewhen (it has) arrived
prāpte:
Adhikarana (Locative absolute/अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpra-āp (धातु) + kta (कृत्) → prāpta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formकृदन्त (क्त-प्रत्ययान्त, भूतकर्मणि), सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; सति-सप्तमी (locative absolute)
kalauin Kali
kalau:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootkali (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
yugein the age
yuge:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootyuga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

Sage Parāśara (teaching Maitreya)

Speaker: Parasara

Topic: Material symptoms of Kali-yuga affecting nature, agriculture, and human sustenance.

Teaching: Cosmological

Quality: revealing

Concept: Kali’s arrival is reflected in the weakening of life-supporting rhythms—rain, crop yield, and nutritive potency—producing widespread scarcity.

Vedantic Theme: Dharma

Application: Practice restraint and stewardship (non-waste, charity, sustainable living) while strengthening sāttvika habits and prayerful dependence on the Lord.

Vishishtadvaita: The world (prakṛti) is a real mode of the Lord; caring for it and responding with dharmic conduct is service within His embodied cosmos.

Lakshmi Presence: Bhumi

P
Parāśara
M
Maitreya

FAQs

This verse uses scarcity—weak rains, low-yield crops, and nutritionally poor fruits—as a concrete marker of Kali Yuga, showing how dharmic decline is mirrored by disorder in nature and reduced sustenance for living beings.

Parāśara lists observable symptoms rather than abstract theory: diminished rainfall and weakened produce indicate a world losing balance, helping Maitreya understand Kali as a lived condition affecting survival and moral-spiritual stability.

Even as Kali manifests as scarcity and decline, the Vishnu Purana’s framework implies Vishnu’s continuing sovereignty over cosmic cycles—Kali is a phase within divine order, not a final defeat of dharma.