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Shloka 14

कालियदमना: यमुनाशुद्धिः, करुणा-निग्रहः, स्तुति-तत्त्वम्

आस्फोटयाम् आस तदा कृष्णो नागह्रदे भुजम् तच्छब्दश्रवणाच् चाशु नागराजो ऽभ्युपागमत्

āsphoṭayām āsa tadā kṛṣṇo nāgahrade bhujam tacchabdaśravaṇāc cāśu nāgarājo 'bhyupāgamat

Then Kṛṣṇa, by the serpent’s pool, slapped His arm so it rang out like a challenge; hearing that sound, the king of serpents swiftly came forth.

आस्फोटयाम्to clap/strike (repeatedly)
आस्फोटयाम्:
Kriya (Part of periphrastic construction)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-स्फोटय् (धातु; √स्फुट् caus.)
Formणमुल्/आम्-प्रत्ययान्त (periphrastic future/intentive infinitival base), क्रियाविशेषणीय; ‘आस’ सह परिप्रयोगः
आसdid/was (used to form periphrastic action)
आस:
Kriya (Auxiliary verb)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formलिट् (परोक्षभूत/Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; सहायकक्रिया (auxiliary)
तदाthen
तदा:
Kriya-visheshaṇa (Temporal)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (कालवाचक adverb)
कृष्णःKṛṣṇa
कृष्णः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन
नागह्रदेin the serpent’s lake
नागह्रदे:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootनाग + ह्रद (प्रातिपदिके)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/अधिकरण), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (नागस्य ह्रदः)
भुजम्arm
भुजम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootभुज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन
तत्that
तत्:
Visheshana (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; सर्वनाम; ‘शब्द’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्
शब्दश्रवणात्from hearing that sound
शब्दश्रवणात्:
Apadana (Cause/source/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootशब्द + श्रवण (प्रातिपदिके)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/अपादान), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (शब्दस्य श्रवणम्)
and
:
Samuccaya (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (समुच्चयबोधक conjunction)
आशुquickly
आशु:
Kriya-visheshaṇa (Manner/Speed)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआशु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (शीघ्रतावाचक adverb)
नागराजःthe serpent-king
नागराजः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनाग + राज (प्रातिपदिके)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (नागानां राजा)
अभ्युपागमत्came near, approached
अभ्युपागमत्:
Kriya (Main verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-उप-आ-गम् (धातु)
Formलङ् (अनद्यतनभूत/Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Sage Parāśara (narrating to Maitreya)

Avatara: Krishna

Purpose: Kṛṣṇa openly challenges Kāliya to emerge, initiating the act of subduing the serpent and freeing the waters from his poisonous tyranny.

Leela: Yuddha

Dharma Restored: Courageous defense of the righteous and removal of a predatory, polluting force from the community’s life-source.

Vishnu Form: Krishna

K
Krishna
K
Kaliya (Nāgarāja)
N
Nāgas (serpents)
Y
Yamunā (implied by context of the nāga-hrada)

FAQs

It is a deliberate summons and proclamation of divine authority—Krishna’s audible challenge draws out the serpent-king so that disorder in the sacred waters can be confronted and corrected.

Parāśara narrates it to Maitreya as a concrete instance of Bhagavān’s līlā: the Lord acts directly within the world to protect beings and re-establish dharma when it is threatened.

Krishna is presented not merely as a heroic figure but as the Supreme Reality exercising sovereignty over even the fiercest nāga powers—demonstrating that all forces submit to the Lord’s will in the maintenance of cosmic order.