Shloka 47

यादवक्षयः, बलराम-निर्याणम्, कृष्णस्य उपसंहारः (प्रभासे विनाशः)

Devanagari script

चक्रं तथा गदा शार्ङ्गतूणी शङ्खो ऽसिर् एव च प्रदक्षिणं हरिं कृत्वा जग्मुर् आदित्यवर्त्मना

Transliteration

cakraṃ tathā gadā śārṅgatūṇī śaṅkho 'sir eva ca pradakṣiṇaṃ hariṃ kṛtvā jagmur ādityavartmanā

Translation

Then the discus and the mace, the Śārṅga-bow with its quiver, the conch, and the sword as well—having reverently circumambulated Hari—departed along the solar path.

Word by Word

• चक्रम्: the discus
• चक्रम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चक्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (सूची-प्रयोग)

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (likewise)

• गदा: the mace
• गदा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गदा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• शार्ङ्गतूणी: the quiver (of the Śārṅga bow)
• शार्ङ्गतूणी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शार्ङ्ग + तूणी (प्रातिपदिके)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (शार्ङ्गस्य तूणी = quiver of Śārṅga-bow)

• शङ्खः: the conch
• शङ्खः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शङ्ख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• असिः: the sword
• असिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: असि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• एव: indeed, just
• एव: Sambandha (Particle/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-निपात (particle of emphasis)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• प्रदक्षिणम्: clockwise (in circumambulation)
• प्रदक्षिणम्: Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रदक्षिण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverbial accusative)

• हरिम्: Hari (Vishnu/Krishna)
• हरिम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd case/कर्म), एकवचन

• कृत्वा: having made/done
• कृत्वा: Purvakala-kriya (Prior action/पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव

• जग्मुः: they went
• जग्मुः: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन, परस्मैपदम्

• आदित्यवर्त्मना: by the path of the sun
• आदित्यवर्त्मना: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आदित्य + वर्त्मन् (प्रातिपदिके)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd case/करण), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (आदित्यस्य वर्त्मना = by the sun's path)

Speaker

Sage Parāśara (narrating to Maitreya)

Parashara-Maitreya Dialogue

Speaker: Parasara

Teaching: Devotional

Quality: revealing

Cosmological Context

Yuga: Dvapara

Manvantara: Vaivasvata

Cosmic Hierarchy: Lokas

Avatara Context

Avatara: Krishna

Purpose: Kṛṣṇa’s divine weapons and insignia return to their cosmic stations, marking the completion of his earthly mission.

Leela: Loka-rakshana

Dharma Restored: Reaffirmation that cosmic order (ṛta/dharma) is upheld by the Lord and his śaktis returning to their ordained paths

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Even the Lord’s weapons embody conscious obedience, offering pradakṣiṇā to Hari—teaching that all powers are subordinate to the Supreme Person.

Vedantic Theme: Brahman

Application: Practice pradakṣiṇā, mantra, and respectful handling of sacred objects as training in śeṣatva (belonging to God).

Vishishtadvaita: Personal theism: the Supreme (Hari) is the inner ruler and final cause, while his powers (śaktis/āyudhas) are real, dependent entities.

Vaishnava Theology

Vishnu Form: Hari

Bhakti Type: Shanta

Jagat Karana: Yes

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu (Hari)
• Kaumodaki (Gada)
• Sharnga (Bow)
• Panchajanya (Conch)
• Nandaka (Sword)
• Surya (implied by solar path)

FAQs

What is the significance of pradakṣiṇa (circumambulation) in the Vishnu Purana?

In this verse, pradakṣiṇa marks reverent submission to Hari’s supreme sovereignty—so complete that even His divine weapons honor Him before departing.

How does Sage Parāśara explain cosmic order through symbolic details like the “solar path” (ādityavartmanā)?

Parāśara uses the phrase “solar path” to show that movement in the cosmos is not random; it proceeds along ordained routes under Vishnu’s governance.

What is the theological importance of Lord Vishnu in this context?

Vishnu is presented as the Supreme Reality whose authority is acknowledged by all powers—including His own divine emblems—affirming His role as sustainer and regulator of universal order.