Shloka 41

बाणयुद्धम्, हरिहरसंवादः, ज्वरप्रकरणम्, अनिरुद्धमोचनम्

Bāṇa’s War, the Jvara Episode, Hari–Hara Dialogue, and Aniruddha’s Release

Devanagari script

कृष्ण कृष्ण जगन्नाथ जाने त्वां पुरुषोत्तमम् परेशं परमात्मानम् अनादिनिधनं परम्

Transliteration

kṛṣṇa kṛṣṇa jagannātha jāne tvāṃ puruṣottamam pareśaṃ paramātmānam anādinidhanaṃ param

Translation

O Krishna, Krishna—Lord of the universe! I know You as the Supreme Person: the Lord of all lords, the Supreme Self, the highest Reality—without beginning and without end.

Word by Word

• कृष्ण: O Krishna
• कृष्ण: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; सम्बोधन (8th/सम्बोधन), एकवचन

• कृष्ण: O Krishna
• कृष्ण: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; सम्बोधन, एकवचन; पुनरुक्ति (emphatic repetition)

• जगन्नाथ: O Lord of the world
• जगन्नाथ: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जगत् + नाथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; सम्बोधन, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (जगतः नाथः)

• जाने: I know
• जाने: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ज्ञा (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present/वर्तमान), उत्तमपुरुष (1st), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• त्वाम्: you
• त्वाम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• पुरुषोत्तमम्: the सर्वोत्तम person (Supreme Person)
• पुरुषोत्तमम्: Karma (Object apposition/कर्म-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरुष + उत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (उत्तमः पुरुषः)

• परेशम्: the supreme Lord
• परेशम्: Karma (Object apposition/कर्म-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर + ईश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (परः ईशः)

• परमात्मानम्: the Supreme Self
• परमात्मानम्: Karma (Object apposition/कर्म-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परम + आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (परमः आत्मा)

• अनादिनिधनम्: without beginning and end
• अनादिनिधनम्: Karma (Object qualifier/कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनादि + निधन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया, एकवचन; द्वन्द्वः (आदिः च निधनं च—नास्ति यस्य) अर्थे समाहार/नञ्-समासार्थः; विशेषणम् (त्वाम्)

• परम्: supreme
• परम्: Karma (Object qualifier/कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (त्वाम्)

Speaker

A devotee addressing Sri Krishna directly (within the Krishna narrative of Book 5; a recognition-stotra style utterance rather than Parasara’s direct exposition)

Parashara-Maitreya Dialogue

Speaker: Parasara

Topic: Śiva’s recognition of Krishna’s supreme nature.

Teaching: Devotional

Quality: authoritative

Avatara Context

Avatara: Krishna

Purpose: Krishna is praised as Puruṣottama and Paramātman, establishing His supreme status even in an embodied avatāra form.

Leela: Dharma-upadesa

Dharma Restored: Right knowledge of the Supreme—recognition of Krishna as the highest reality beyond sectarian rivalry.

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Krishna is Puruṣottama—Para, beginningless and endless—worthy of exclusive refuge and praise.

Vedantic Theme: Brahman

Application: Cultivate steady remembrance and verbal praise (nāma-kīrtana, stuti) grounded in right understanding of the Lord’s supremacy.

Vishishtadvaita: Identifies the personal Lord (Krishna) with the absolute (Paramātman), supporting a Brahman who is personal, auspicious, and knowable.

Vaishnava Theology

Vishnu Form: Para-Brahman

Bhakti Type: Shanta

Jagat Karana: Yes

Characters & Entities

• Krishna
• Jagannatha
• Purushottama
• Parameshvara (Supreme Lord)
• Paramatman (Supreme Self)

FAQs

What is the significance of calling Krishna 'Jagannatha' in the Vishnu Purana?

It declares Krishna not merely as a heroic figure but as the cosmic Lord who governs and sustains the entire universe.

How does the Vishnu Purana present the concept of Paramatman in this verse?

By naming Krishna as 'paramātmānam,' the verse identifies Him as the Supreme Self—transcendent yet the innermost ruler—consistent with Vaishnava Vedanta.

What is the theological importance of Krishna being called 'anādinidhana' here?

It affirms Krishna’s eternality: He is beyond origin and dissolution, establishing Him as the supreme, unconditioned Reality rather than a time-bound incarnation.