Shloka 58

अक्रूर-सत्कारः, मथुरायात्रा-विरहः, यमुनातटे दिव्यदर्शनम्, चतुर्व्यूह-नमस्कारः

Devanagari script

ॐ नमो वासुदेवाय नमः संकर्षणाय ते प्रद्युम्नाय नमस् तुभ्यम् अनिरुद्धाय ते नमः

Transliteration

oṃ namo vāsudevāya namaḥ saṃkarṣaṇāya te pradyumnāya namas tubhyam aniruddhāya te namaḥ

Translation

Om—salutations to Vāsudeva. Salutations to You as Saṃkarṣaṇa; salutations to You as Pradyumna; and salutations to You as Aniruddha—O Lord, to You alone be reverence in every form.

Word by Word

• ॐ: Om
• ॐ: Sambodhana/Invocation (आह्वान)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ॐ (अव्यय/प्रणव)
• Form: प्रणवः (sacred syllable), अव्यय

• नमः: salutation
• नमः: Prayojana/Utterance (उक्ति)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नमस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; अव्ययीभाववत् प्रयोगः (salutation as interjection)

• वासुदेवाय: to Vāsudeva
• वासुदेवाय: Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वासुदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/सम्प्रदान), एकवचन

• नमः: salutation
• नमः: Prayojana/Utterance (उक्ति)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नमस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; नमः-प्रयोगः

• संकर्षणाय: to Saṅkarṣaṇa
• संकर्षणाय: Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संकर्षण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th), एकवचन

• ते: your
• ते: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• प्रद्युम्नाय: to Pradyumna
• प्रद्युम्नाय: Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रद्युम्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th), एकवचन

• नमः: salutation
• नमः: Prayojana/Utterance (उक्ति)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नमस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; नमः-प्रयोगः

• तुभ्यम्: to you
• तुभ्यम्: Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: चतुर्थी (4th/सम्प्रदान), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• अनिरुद्धाय: to Aniruddha
• अनिरुद्धाय: Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनिरुद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th), एकवचन

• ते: your
• ते: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• नमः: salutation
• नमः: Prayojana/Utterance (उक्ति)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नमस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; नमः-प्रयोगः

Speaker

Sage Parāśara (continuing instruction to Maitreya in a moksha-focused section; presented as a devotional formula of remembrance)

Avatara Context

Avatara: Krishna

Purpose: As Kṛṣṇa, Viṣṇu manifests among the Yādavas to protect dharma and grant devotees direct access to the supreme Lord through devotion.

Leela: Dharma-upadesa

Dharma Restored: Establishing exclusive refuge (śaraṇāgati) in the one Lord recognized through His fourfold emanations (vyūhas).

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: One supreme Viṣṇu is worshipped through His four vyūha-aspects, and reverence offered to each is ultimately reverence to Him alone.

Vedantic Theme: Brahman

Application: Use a short daily japa or stotra that remembers the Lord’s multiple functions (protection, order, knowledge, power) while keeping one-pointed devotion to the single Supreme.

Vishishtadvaita: The one Brahman (Nārāyaṇa) is personally accessible through differentiated modes/emanations without compromising unity—unity with real attributes and powers.

Vaishnava Theology

Vishnu Form: Vasudeva

Bhakti Type: Shanta

Vyuha Form: Vasudeva/Sankarshana/Pradyumna/Aniruddha

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Vasudeva
• Sankarshana
• Pradyumna
• Aniruddha

FAQs

What is the significance of the four names—Vāsudeva, Saṃkarṣaṇa, Pradyumna, and Aniruddha—in the Vishnu Purana?

They function as the Lord’s fourfold manifestation (vyūha), affirming that the one Supreme Vishnu presides through distinct divine modes while remaining a single ultimate reality.

How does Sage Parāśara explain remembrance of Vishnu in this moksha context?

By presenting a compact salutation formula, the teaching emphasizes steady remembrance and reverence toward Vishnu’s supreme forms as a direct support for liberation-oriented contemplation.

What is the theological importance of Lord Vishnu in this verse?

The verse centers Vishnu as the supreme object of worship—one Lord addressed through multiple divine names—highlighting sovereignty, unity, and salvific grace within Vaishnava philosophy.