Shloka 22

कलियुग-प्रवृत्तिः, सप्तर्षि-गणना, धरणीगीताः, च वंश-समाप्तिः

Kali-yuga onset, Saptarṣi reckoning, Dharaṇī-gītā, and closure of the dynastic account

Devanagari script

यदा चन्द्रश् च सूर्यश् च यदा तिष्यबृहस्पती एकराशौ समेष्यन्ति भविष्यति तदा कृतम्

Transliteration

yadā candraś ca sūryaś ca yadā tiṣyabṛhaspatī ekarāśau sameṣyanti bhaviṣyati tadā kṛtam

Translation

When the Moon and the Sun—and when Tiṣya together with Bṛhaspati—converge into a single zodiacal sign, then the Kṛta Yuga shall come into being again.

Word by Word

• यदा: when
• यदा: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदा (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)

• चन्द्रः: the Moon
• चन्द्रः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Conjunctive/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• सूर्यः: the Sun
• सूर्यः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Conjunctive/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• यदा: when
• यदा: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)

• तिष्य-बृहस्पती: Tiṣya and Bṛhaspati (Jupiter)
• तिष्य-बृहस्पती: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तिष्य (प्रातिपदिक) + बृहस्पति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; समासः—द्वन्द्व (तिष्यश्च बृहस्पतिश्च)

• एकराशौ: in one zodiac sign
• एकराशौ: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एक (प्रातिपदिक) + राशि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (एकः राशि: यस्मिन्)

• समेष्यन्ति: will come together/meet
• समेष्यन्ति: Kriya (Main verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √इ (धातु) + सम् (उपसर्ग)
• Form: लृट्-लकार (Future), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• भविष्यति: will be
• भविष्यति: Kriya (Main verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू (धातु)
• Form: लृट्-लकार (Future), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• तदा: then
• तदा: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (then)

• कृतम्: the Kṛta (age)
• कृतम्: Karta/Predicate nominal (विधेय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृत (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त; √कृ + क्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (क्त) ‘कृत’—कृतयुग-नामरूपेण

Speaker

Sage Parāśara (in dialogue with Maitreya)

Parashara-Maitreya Dialogue

Speaker: Parasara

Topic: Cosmic/yuga-cycle marker and the return of Kṛta (Satya) yuga

Teaching: Cosmological

Quality: revealing

Cosmological Context

Creation Stage: Kalpa

Yuga: Satya

Cosmic Hierarchy: Lokas

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Yugas recur according to a divinely governed cosmic order, with astral configurations serving as signs of the restoration of Kṛta/Satya yuga.

Vedantic Theme: Dharma

Application: Use cyclical time as a contemplative lens: cultivate steadiness and dharma regardless of the age’s qualities, trusting order beyond immediate disorder.

Vishishtadvaita: The lawful recurrence of yugas reflects Nārāyaṇa as jagat-kāraṇa and niyantṛ (governor): the cosmos is His ordered body, not a random flux.

Vaishnava Theology

Vishnu Form: Narayana

Bhakti Type: Shanta

Jagat Karana: Yes

Characters & Entities

• Surya (Sun)
• Chandra (Moon)
• Brihaspati (Jupiter)
• Tishya

FAQs

What is the significance of planetary conjunctions in the Vishnu Purana?

This verse uses a convergence of the Sun, Moon, Tiṣya, and Bṛhaspati as a time-marker indicating the return of Kṛta (Satya) Yuga, showing that cosmic order and moral ages are linked to sacred time.

How does Sage Parāśara explain the yuga cycle here?

Parāśara frames yuga transition as cyclical and law-governed: when specific celestial conditions align, the age of truth (Kṛta) arises again, implying an ordained rhythm to decline and restoration.

What is the theological importance of Lord Vishnu in this context?

Even when the verse speaks through astronomical signs, the Purana’s underlying claim is that Vishnu, as the Supreme regulator of time and dharma, ensures the world’s renewal and the re-establishment of harmony in Kṛta Yuga.